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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what does DNA mean and what is it? |
Deoxyribonucleic acid. It's a complex molecule present in all living cells. |
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What is a DNA nucleotide made from? |
A deoxyribose joined to phosphate and an organic base. |
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What is the structure of DNA? |
A molecule of DNA consists of two strands each composed of repeating units called nucleotides. |
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What is the base pairing rule ? |
Adenine - Thymine Guanine - Cytosine |
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What bond forms between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the carbon 3 of the deoxyribose on another nucleotide. |
a chemical bond |
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what is the backbones name ? |
Sugar-phosphate backbone |
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what is the backbones name ? |
Sugar-phosphate backbone |
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what bond forms between the bases? |
hydrogen bonds |
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what is the 5' end on? |
the 5' end is on the phosphate group. |
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what is the 5' end on? |
the 5' end is on the phosphate group. |
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what is the 3' end on? |
the 3' end is on the deoxyribose |
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what is the 5' end on? |
the 5' end is on the phosphate group. |
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what is the 3' end on? |
the 3' end is on the deoxyribose |
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What is the name of the twisted coil structure? |
double helix |
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what is the arrangement of DNA in linear chromosomes? |
molecules of DNA become tightly coiled and packaged around bundles of protein.
The are able to unwind again. |
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Front (Term) |
Back (Definition) |
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Front (Term) |
Back (Definition) |
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can DNA replicate itself ? |
Yes |
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how does DNA replication occur? |
it begins when a start of point is recognised. the DNA molecule unwinds and weak hydrogen bonds break. this allows the two strands to separate. these template strands become stabilised and expose their bases at a y-shaped replication fork. |
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what is DNA polymerase? |
the enzyme that controls the sugar-phosphate bonding of individual nucleotides into the new DNA strand. |
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what is DNA polymerase? |
the enzyme that controls the sugar-phosphate bonding of individual nucleotides into the new DNA strand. |
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what is the formation of the leading strand? |
It is continuous as it can DNA can only replicate from 3' to 5' |
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what is DNA polymerase? |
the enzyme that controls the sugar-phosphate bonding of individual nucleotides into the new DNA strand. |
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what is the formation of the leading strand? |
It is continuous as it can DNA can only replicate from 3' to 5' |
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What must happen in order for the lagging strand to replicate ? |
each fragment must be primed before the DNA polymerase can bind individual nucleotides together. once this happened the primer is replaced by DNA |
