Bio Test Review

Front 1

the basic unit of structure and function of all living things

Back 1

cells

Front 2

type of cell with no defined nucleus

Back 2

prokaryotic

Front 3

the plasma membrane is composed of two layers of what?

Back 3

phospholipid

Front 4

diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane from high to low concentration

Back 4

osmosis

Front 5

diffusion is a form of _____ because it does not require energy

Back 5

passive transport

Front 6

water moves into the cell in this type of environment

Back 6

hypotonic solution

Front 7

movement of large substances into a cell by vesicle formation (invagination of cell membrane)

Back 7

endocytosis

Front 8

the movement of molecules from low to high concentration, using energy

Back 8

solute pumping

Front 9

cell organelle responsibly for protein synthesis

Back 9

ribosomes

Front 10

complex solution found inside the cell; working and storage area of the cell

Back 10

cytoplasm

Front 11

cell power house - site of most cell respiration

Back 11

mitochondria

Front 12

found inside nucleus; made of DNA and protien

Back 12

chromatin

Front 13

controls what enters and leaves the cell

Back 13

plasma membrane

Front 14

cell organelle which contains powerful digestive enzymes

Back 14

lysosome

Front 15

part of cell which contains the hereditary information and is the control centre of the cell

Back 15

nucleus

Front 16

organelle consisting of a stack of flattened sacs that processes, packages, and distributes materials

Back 16

golgi apparatus

Front 17

cell organelle which plays a role in formation of the spindle during mitosis

Back 17

centrioles

Front 18

6-carbon molecule that is the starting point of cell respiration

Back 18

glucose

Front 19

part of cell respiration that occurs in the cytoplasm

Back 19

glycosis

Front 20

proteins that act as biological catalysts

Back 20

enzymes

Front 21

special molecule which traps and stores energy in living cells

Back 21

ATP

Front 22

glycolysis results in the formation of 2 molecules of ?

Back 22

pyruvate

Front 23

two stages of cell respiration is/are aerobic?

Back 23

citric acid cycle, electron transport chain

Front 24

part of cell respiration where carbon dioxide is produced

Back 24

citric acid cycle

Front 25

in the final step of cell respiration, this waste product is formed

Back 25

H2O, O2

Front 26

final electron acceptor (product) in the electron transport chain

Back 26

O2

Front 27

during fermentation in human cells, pyruvate is converted to this molecule

Back 27

lactic acid

Front 28

a group of cells with a similar appearance and a common function

Back 28

tissue

Front 29

general type of tissue which functions mainly in protection

Back 29

epithelial tissue

Front 30

general type of tissue which binds and supports parts of the body

Back 30

connective tissue

Front 31

connective tissue consists of cells surrounded by this non-cellular material

Back 31

nervous tissue

Front 32

type of connective tissue which joins muscle to bone

Back 32

tendons

Front 33

type of connective tissue with a solid, rigid matrix made of collagen and mineral salts

Back 33

bone, supportive

Front 34

most flexible type of cartilage

Back 34

elastic cartilage

Front 35

type of cartilage found in your nose

Back 35

hyaline tissue

Front 36

name the two types of fluid connective tissue

Back 36

blood and lymph

Front 37

type of muscle tissue found in the heart

Back 37

cardiac tissue

Front 38

type of muscle tissue which is voluntary

Back 38

skeletal tissue

Front 39

type of muscle tissue that consists of cells with many nuclei

Back 39

skeletal tissue

Front 40

type of muscle tissue found in the walls of hollow organs such as the small intestine

Back 40

smooth

Front 41

type of tissue which consists of cells which can receive and transmit messages

Back 41

nervous tissue

Front 42

part of the neuron which carries impulse toward the cell body

Back 42

dendrite

Front 43

supporting cells in nervous tissue

Back 43

neurologia

Front 44

type of epithelial tissue found lining your mouth and nose (oral cavity)

Back 44

stratified squamous

Front 45

type of epithelial tissue found lining the small intestine

Back 45

simple columnar

Front 46

the maintenance of a state of constancy in the internal environment of the body

Back 46

homeostasis

Front 47

term meaning the front of the body

Back 47

ventral

Front 48

sheet of muscle separating the abdominal and the thoracic cavity

Back 48

diaphram

Front 49

type of cell division used in gamete (sex cell) formation

Back 49

meiosis

Front 50

stage in the cell cycle when DNA replicates

Back 50

interphase

Front 51

stage of mitosis when the chromosomes split and move to opposite poles

Back 51

anaphase

Front 52

point of attachment of two chromatids in a doubled chromosome

Back 52

centrimere

Front 53

type of cell division used for growth and repair

Back 53

mitosis

Front 54

cells that have half the normal number of chromosomes typical of a species are called

Back 54

haploid

Front 55

division of the cytoplasm at the end of mitosis is called

Back 55

cytokensis

Front 56

the presense of an extra chromosomes in a cell

Back 56

trisomy

Front 57

exchange of pieces of non-sister chromatids during meiosis

Back 57

crossing over

Front 58

two chromosomes carrying information about the same traits are called

Back 58

homologous chromosomes

Front 59

name for the 22 pair of "non-sex" chromosommes

Back 59

autosomes

Front 60

the number of chromosomes in a normal human diploid cell

Back 60

46

Front 61

a mapping of arrangement of the chromosomes into pairs based on size and shape

Back 61

karotype