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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Amino Acids
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They are the building blocks of PROTEINS
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What are Peptide Bonds?
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It's what holds the chains of amino acids together to form PROTEINS
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Define Enzymes
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They are cactalysts that lower the amount of energy needed for a reaction to occur
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Functional Proteins
(JUST THE NAME OF THE GROUP) |
1. ENZYMES
2. HORMONES |
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What is Protease and what does it do?
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It is a functional protein of enzymes. PROTEase HELPS TO DIGEST PROTEin
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What is Lactase and what does it do?
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It is a functional protein of enzymes. LACTase HELPS DIGEST LACTose (in milk)
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What is Sucrase and what does it do?
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It is a functional protein of enzymes. SUCRase HELPS DIGEST SUCRose
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What is Peroxidase and what does it do?
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It is a functional protein of enzymes. (PEROXIDase is known to increase a plant's defense)
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Testosterone-
What is it? Where can you find it? |
It is a functional protein of a hormone. It is a male hormone
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Progesterone-
What is it? Where can you find it? |
It is a functional protein of a hormone. It is a female hormone
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Estrogen-
What is it? Where can you find it? |
it is a functional proteinof a hormone. it is a female hormone
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Describe Insuline.
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It facilitates glucose entering cells.
It is produced by the pancrease. It is a HORMONE. |
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What is a catalyst?
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It is something that can never be used up.
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Tertiary Protein Form?
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.enzyme
.3D structure |
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What does a triangle represent?
What does the box with a point cut out of the top represent? |
Triangle- substrate
Box- Enzyme |
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Structures are made of protein
Name some examples |
.hair
.nails .muscle .feathers .horns |
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What is a lipid?
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It is a fat, naturally occuring molecule
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What is a monomer?
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It is a small molecule that will become chemically bonded with other monomers
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What is a polymer?
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It is a group of monomers that a chemically bonded together as one
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What is the distinction between polypeptides and peptides?
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Peptides are short
Polypeptides are loooooonngg |
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What is a monosaccaride?
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It is the simplest carbohydrates
It is just ONE molecule- therefore, cannot be hydrolyzed into simplar sugars |
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What is a disaccaride?
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A sugar composed of 2 monosaccarides.
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What is a polysaccaride?
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Consists of 3 or more monosaccarides bonded together.
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What is dehydration synthesis?
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.2 molecules are bonded together
.Together they lose 1 molecule .Only if that 1 molecule is water, it can't be called dehydration synthesis. |
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What are the 4 factors the can change the enzyme activity?
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1. Temperature
2. pH levels 3. Concentration of ENZYME PEROXIDASE 4. Consentration of SUBSTRATE |
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What is a substrate?
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a molecule which is acted upon by an enzyme
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If the temperature was low, how would this affect the enzymes?
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The less of a reaction, the less products will be produced because there are fewer collisions
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If the temperature was high, how would this affect the enzymes?
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More denatured enzyme, the less products.
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What does denatured mean and when would we use this word?
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Denatured means to change it's shape. When the temperature gets high, the substrate becomes deformed and can't fit into it's slot in the enzyme correctly.
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If the enzyme had a low pH, what would happen?
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It would be denatured.
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If the enzyme had a high pH, how would this affect the collisions?
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Just like the low pH, it would become denatured.
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Finish the sentence...
The more triangles(substrate) that fit in the enzyme,... |
...the more enzymes will be produced!
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What is similar with these two factors?
Concentration of enzyme peroxidase Concentration of substrate |
It is a linear graph
More collisions because there are more enzymes |
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Basic Units-
Proteins are made of... |
Amino Acids
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Basic Units-
Carbohydrates are made of... |
The simple sugar, Glucose
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What are the 4 biomolecules?
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1. Proteins
2. Carbohydrates 3. Lipids 4. Nucleic Acid |
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How can you recognize a protein, in a structure?
Hint= blueballs |
Nitrogen (N)
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What are the bonds holding amino acids together?
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Peptide bonds
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Looking at a structural formula, how can you tell whether a lipid is unsaturated?
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There is only 1 double bond in the structure--not including at the end
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How can you tell whether a lipid is saturated?
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Saturated doesn't have any bonds--not including at the end
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How can you tell whether a lipid is polyunsaturated?
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It has atleast 2 double bonds
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