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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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__is the entirety of an organism's hereditary information. It is encoded either in DNA or, for many types of virus, in RNA.
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genome
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____is one among the two identical copies of DNA making up a replicated chromosome, which are joined at their centromeres, for the process of cell division (mitosis or meiosis)
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chromatid
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___a chromosome that is similar in appearance and genetic intfo to another chromosome with which it pairs during meiosis
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homologous chromosome
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a preparation showing the number, sizes and shapes of all chromosomes within a cell and , therefore, within teh individual or species from which the cell was obtained
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karyotype
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a haplod sex cell formed in SEXUALLY reproducing organisms
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gamete
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referring to a cell with pairs of hjomologous chromosomes
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diploid
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referring to a cell that has only one member of each pair of homologous chromosomes
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haploid
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in SEXUAL reproduction, a diploid cell (the fertilized egg) formed b y the fusion of 2 haploid gametes
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zygote
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with the base pair rule, which nucleotide pairs go together--> ACGT
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GC, AT
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___ bonds hold base pairs together
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hydrogen
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cell deivide oncce, 2 identical daughter cells (DIPLOID) with 2n
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mitosis
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cell divides twice, 4 genetically different cells (HAPLOID) with 1n
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meosis
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__reproduction increase genetic variability
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sexual
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physical seperation of 2 daughter cells
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cytokinesis
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3 things unique to meiosis
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-synapsis
-homologous recombination -reduction division |
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the process of replication of teh DNA double helix; the 2 dna strands separate and each is used as a template for the synthesis of a complementary DNA strand; each daughter double helix consists of one parental strand and one new strand
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semiconservative replication
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