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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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flowering plants
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oak trees, rose bushes
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nonflowering plants
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moss, algae
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2 types of higher plants
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gymnosperms and angiosperms
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gymnosperm
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higher plant
"naked", have uncovered seeds ex pine tree, Xmas tree |
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angiosperm
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higher plant
covered seeds ex: peaches, apples 2 kinds: monocotyledon dicotyledon |
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2 kinds of angiosperm: monocotyledon
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one seed leaf or cotyledon
ex: cornseed 1 single vein // 1 coty embryo scattered stem, vascular bundles of water fibrous roots, not 1 root flowers in multiples of 3 |
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2 kinds of angiosperm: dicotyledon
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2 seed leaves or cotyledons
ex: peanut, bean, can't break in 1/2 netlike veins 2 coty embryos ring for stem tap root: carrots flowers multiples of 4/5 |
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fiber cells
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don't move food --> rigidity
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phloum
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vascular plants
transports sugars/others to roots cell has dividng nucleus X 2, --> 2 new cells, transports food big --> ploum condcuting cell --- not alive, but some features can move food small --> companion cell, has nucleus |
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xylum cells
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moves H20 and minerals
when mature, cell wall broken down and just cytoplasm lots of these cells = HOLLOW TUBE moves H20 moves by cohesion and adhesion, NO PUMPS IN PLANTS! pits - H20 leak out horizontally transport water: vessels - larger, perforated end walls tracheids - conductive and supporting cell, <er, pitted (not perforated) walls |
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sieve tube
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moves organic material to roots
transports food material, usually in flowering plants |
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sieve plates
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holes in the cell wall
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node
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where find bud
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internode
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d. b/t 2 nodes, not standarad
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vegetative branch
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own plant
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leaf
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find bud, everything above = leaf
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simple leaf
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blade, petiole (stalk of leaf), auxiliary bud
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compound leaf
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leaflet, auxillary bud
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stoma
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small hole on top layer of plant
releases gas regulated by osmosis |
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types of plant tissue: meristematic
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happy b/c having 'sex'
apical and lateral |
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types of plant tissue
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meristematic
surface fundamental vascular |
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types of plant tissue: surface
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exterior
epidermal - stem, root, leaf, etc, living cell layer thick cutin - waxy part of leaf root hairs - longer extension of epidermal cells on root, WATER ABSORP stomatal appartaus - hole/pore in root/stem triochomes - hairs, extensions of epidermal bark - trees suberin - prevents water getting in, found in cell walls, cork |
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types of plant tissue: fundamental
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tissue makes up plants, 3 cell types
parenchyma - basic living plant cells, how others derived, no 2ndary walls collenchyma - parenc w/ wall thicks in corners, more rigid a little sclerenchyma - MOST RIGID ex: wood |
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types of plant tissue: vascular
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tissues transport food and H20
phloem - food moving tissue xylem - H20 moving tissue |
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meristematic types
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apical - cell divison on TOP of plant, plant grows vertically
lateral - --> plants >er in diameter |
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meristematic: apical
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cell divison on TOP of plant, plant grows vertically
shoot - caueses plant to grow upwards root - grow down into soil |
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meristematic: lateral
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plants >er in diameter
vascular cambium - -->es vascular tissue (wood and phloem) cork cambium -->es cork (not living, floats in H20 b/c suberin) |
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cambium
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meristem that -->es rows in cells in stem and root
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how does cell increase in lenghth by division?
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apical meristem
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procambium cells
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will eventually change to vascular cells
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parts of apical meristem
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apical meristem - how increases in length
protoderm - changes to epidermis leaf promordia - main leaf procamibum - eventual change to vascular (phloem and xylem) ground meristem --> ground tissue 2nd part----primary tissue ground tissue (from ground meristem) ptih cortex - tissue b/t vascular and epidermis -->es cork cambium primary xylem and primary phloem (from procambium) also procambium to vascular camibum epidermis (from protoderm) 3rd part ----lateral meristem vascular cambium (from procamibum of primary meristem)- -->es vascular tissue, (2ndary phloeum and xyleum) cork camibum --> cork in periderm pith - composed of parinkama cells (basic plant cells ALL PLANTS ARE *PRIMARY TISSUES* - CAME FROM APICAL MERISTEM |
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can distinguish b/t leaves b/c of ______
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arrangement
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arrangement of leaves
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alternate
opposite whirl - 3+ at 1 node |
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3 major parts of a plant
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vascular tissue - has conducting cells (xylem and phloem) may be fibers and dividing cells
ground tissue - support tisue or differentiation dermal tissue - layer cells exterior, epidermis |
