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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mycoplasma
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Smallest free living bacteria
No Cell wall Pleomorphic Form Filaments |
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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primary atypical pneumonia
"Walking Pneumonia" |
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Rickettsia
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2-2 um gram negative rods
obligate intracellular parasites trasmittted by anthropod vectors |
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Rickettsia rickettsiae
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Rocky Mountain Spotted fever
rash on the extremties and moves towards the trunk Treated with appropriate antibiotic |
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Rickettsia prowasekii
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epidemic typhus
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Rickettsia typhi
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Endemic Typhus
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Chlamydia
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Comes in Elementary and Reticulate bodies
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Elementary body
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Infectious and resting state
Not very fragile |
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Reticulate state
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reproducing and fragile
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Chlamydia trachomatis
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Wikipedia it
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Lymphogranuloma venereum
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Mimics gonorrhea
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Inclusion conjunctiitis
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eye infection that can cause blindness: Chlamydia
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Chlamydia psittaci
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Ornithisis, birds, mainly parrots, inhaling the bedding and dust of feces
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Algae
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Photosynthetic aquatic or terrestrial
Cell wall, major source of O2 produces toxins that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning |
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Fungi
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Non- Photosynthetic, non-motile
Cell wall made of chitin Unicellular, multicellular, or dimorphic |
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Zygomyces
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Common bread mold
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Basidiomycetes
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Dutch elm disease, common mushrooms
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Ascomycetes
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Wiki it
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Deuteromycetes
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Fungi imperfecti- non-sexually reproductive
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Fungal Reproduction
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Diploid-> Haploid-> Dikaryotic
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Hypha
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underground "roots" that aquire nutriets and can grow into another mushroom
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Fungal Spores
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For reproduction
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Mycelium
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bunch of hypha
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Fungal Toxins
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Mycotoxins
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Fungal Infections
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Mycoses
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Claviceps purpurea
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ergot, found on grain, neurological effects that cause weird behavior
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Aspergillus flavis
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Aflatoxin
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Amanita verma
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Death Angel- Mushroom
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dermatohytes tinea
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ringworms
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Candidiasis
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Dimorphic fungus
Causes Thrush- mouth Superficial- nails and skin Vaginal- yeast infections |
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Coddidioidomycosis
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Valley Fever
Symptoms due to immune response Similar to flu Can disseminate: go to other organs and be fatal |
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Cryptococcal menigoencephalitis
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Encapsulated fungus, inhaled
Headache, difficult thinking, dizziness, vomiting, weight loss, paralysis, seizures, death Weeks to months in healthy person Death in two days in immunocompripized person |
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Histoplasma casulatum
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not capsulated
Spelunker's disease Flu like from bat or bird droppings inhaled |
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Protozoa
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Unicellular
no cell wall not photosynthetic classified on motility |
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Sarcodina
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Pseudopods- amoeba
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Mastigophora
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Flagella
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Ciliata
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Cillia
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Sporozoa
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not motile
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Active form (protozoa)
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Trophozoite
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Resting form (protozoa)
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cyst
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Protozoan Reproduction
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Fission
Budding Schizogony Conjugation of ciliates |
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Schizongony
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nucleus divides and produces more than two organisms
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Entamoeba histolytica
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Ameobic dysentery
Via Feces Cysts extracted and ingested |
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Mastigophora: Giardia lamblis
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Oily stool
Fecal/oral transmisison Ingestion of cysts Examine stool for trophozites |
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Trichmonas vaginalis
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No cyst stage
Most prevalient pathogenic protozoan 180 million cases worldwide 5-8 million cases in North America Males mostly asymptomatic Females discharge and itch |
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Hemoflagellates: Trypansoma brucai
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African Sleeping Sickness
Transmitted by bites of tsetse fly Invades blood, lymph and CNA Progressively worsening symptoms |
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Trypansoma Cruzi
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Chaga Disease
Transmitted by reduvidd bugs (kissing bugs) Forms aggregates in lymph When it lysis it causes tissue necrosis, especially around the heart Death from heart failure |
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Balantidium coli
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only known pathogenic ciliata
Fecal oral transmission Associated with swine |
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Plasmodium
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Four pathogenic species
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Plasmodium falciparum
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Malaria: most severe
Transmitted by female anophelies mosquito Complex life cycle |
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Toxoplasmosis
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Different in healthy adults and immunodeficient people
Causes severe birth defects in fetuses Definitive host is Feline |
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Helminths
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Parasitic, reduced digestive system, reduced nervous system, reduced locomotive system
Complex reproductive system |
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Definitive Host
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Carries adult form of parasite
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Intermediate Hosts
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Carry the larvae of the parasite
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Trematodes
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UNSEGMENTED Flukes
6mm - 12 mm Definitive host humans Intermediate snail and crayfish |
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Schostosome: blood fluke (Trematode)
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Eggs imbedded in tissue
immune response causes symptoms |
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Schistosome (Trematode)
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Eggs in water
Free swimming larvae: miracidium Infect snails Cecaria released from snail cause swimmer's itch |
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Cestodes
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SEGMENTED FLATWORM: such as tapeworms
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Taenia saginata
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Beef Tapeworm
Definitive Host: Human proglottids excreted Wriggle away from feces and are ingested by cattle. Eggs hatch and cysts get in cow flesh, excyst in us. |
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Nematodes
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Round worms
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Enterobuis vermicularis
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Pinworms
Eggs infect humans around the anus area |
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Necator americanus
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Hookworms
Larvae penetrate skin pathogenicity depends on # of organisms Hookworms kill via loss of blood |
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Creeping Eruption
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larval form of hookworms penetrate skin and crawl around and then penetrate out
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Trichinella spirilum
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Larvae infect humans
lives in the muscle Can be fatal depending on # ingested Loss of muscle tone |
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Filariasis microfalaria
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Elephantitis, extreme swelling
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Loaiasis
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Loa loa; generally doesn't cause blindness
Deer Flies |
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Onchocerca volvulus
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River Blindess
Blackflies |
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Dracunculiasis medianesis
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Guinea worm
Transmitted by water flea Ingested and crawl out of skin |
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Ectoparasites
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Outside of host parasites
Ticks Lice Leaches |
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Viron
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Virus Particle
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Virus Shapes
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Isometric, Helical, Complex
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Viral Envelope
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from host cell, phospholipid bilayer with spikes
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