Bio Test #3

Front 1

What does serotonin do in the brain.

Back 1

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that has many neurological activities. In some parts of the brain serotonin causes neuronal activation, while in other parts serotonin acts to dampen the excitablility of neurons. Its action is to counter the actions of other neurotransmitters.

Front 2

What happens if a person has too little serotonin?

Back 2

If a person has too little serotonin the neuronal excitation cannot be controlled as a result in bursts of anger or aggression. Researchers also believe depression results from too little of the neurotransmitter serotonin bathing certain neurons.

Front 3

What is an SSRI? How does it work?

Back 3

SSRIs are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors that are used to treat depression. They block the serotonin reuptake transporters, thus increasing serotonin in the brain. Prevent serotonin from getting cleared out from the space between neurons, allowing it to stick around.

Front 4

Where is acetylcholine released and what does it do in the body?

Back 4

Acetylcholine is released by hypothalamus neurons, which initiate the fight or flight response. Acetylcholine esterase will moderate the stimulatory effect of acetylcholine.

Front 5

What causes seizures? Give 3 possible triggers for seizures.

Back 5

Seizures are caused by abnormal electrophysiological activties in the brain. Seizures can be triggered by head trauma, intoxication, drug overdose, infection, metabolic disturbances, substance withdrawal, brain abscesses, brain tumors or pregnancy.

Front 6

How are petit mal seizres different from grand mal seizures? What treatments are available for epilepsy?

Back 6

Petit seizu last only a few seconds and may be unnoticable. Children with these types of seizures often have learning difficulties.

Grand mal seizures present violent muscle contractions and rhythmic jerking of the body. Then a period of unconsciousness follows. They typically do not cause damage to the brain. However if the seizures last a long period of time they can result in neuronal loss.

Epilepsy can be treated via antiepileptic drugs, surgical removal of brain area associated with abnormal electrical activity, and the last resort would be to sever the corpus callosum.

Front 7

Our aggression, feelings of insecurity, resentment and other personality traits are tied to _____ thoughts.

Back 7

subconscious

Front 8

When a person becomes excited, dopamine and norepinephrine are released into the synaptic clefts, and _____ is secreted into the same area to counter the actions of the 2 neurotransmitters.

Back 8

serotonin

Front 9

If a person's brain produces _____ amounts of serotonin, the neuronal excitation cannot be controlled.

Back 9

small

Front 10

Prozac or fluoxetine works by blocking the _____.

Back 10

serotonin reuptake transporters

Front 11

Patients who suffer clinical depression have a shortage of _____ in the synaptic clefts.

Back 11

serotonin

Front 12

If you block the uptake of serotonin, the concentration of serotonin in the synapse will _____.

Back 12

increase

Front 13

The illegal drug ____ was made famous in the 1960's and it causes hallucinations by mimicking the action of serotonin.

Back 13

LSD

Front 14

The _____ cortex contains a map of the entire body and after a person has undergone amputation of a limb, the region that represents that limb no longer receives any information.

Back 14

somatosensory

Front 15

In the case of David Garabedian, it was thought that the insecticide was responsible for his aggressive behavior. The insecticide blocks the enzyme acetylcholinesterase which leads to hyperactivation of the _____ neurons.

Back 15

hypothalamus

Front 16

During an emotional event, the hypothalamus neurons will release _____ which in turn initiates fight or flight response.

Back 16

acetylcholine

Front 17

In the condition known as ____, seizures of any type will repeatedly occur unprovoked.

Back 17

epilepsy

Front 18

_____ lobe seizures can elicit religious or mystical experiences

Back 18

temporal