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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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mutation
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heritable change in genetic material
essential to the continuity of life new mutations are more likely to be harmful than beneficial |
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sickle cell anemia
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base substitution mutation of B-globin gene changes the 6th amino acid in the B-globin polypeptide from glutamic acid to a valine
causes hemoglobin to not form fibers |
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nonsense mutation
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change from a normal codon to a stop or termination codon
produces truncated polypeptide (not functional) |
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frameshift mutation
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addition or deletion of nucleotides that are not multiples of 3
completely different amino acid sequence downstream from mutation |
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gene mutations outside of coding sequences
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promoter
transcriptional splice translational |
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spontaneous mutation
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results from abnormalities in biological processes
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induced mutation
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brought on by environmental agents
mutation rate higher than spontaneous |
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Ames test
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Salmonella was not able to synthesize histidine due to point mutation
second mutation allows synthesis of histidine |
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oncogene
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dominant
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tumor-supressor gene
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everyone has this
prevents cancer but when mutation comes cancer can occur |
