Bio Test 1

Front 1

Atom

Back 1

smallest of the small : Comprised of protons and neutrons found in the nucleus

Front 2

Electrons

Back 2

negatively charged particles circling the nucleus : they are attracted to the nucleus but stay to the outside because of their energy of motion

Front 3

Protons

Back 3

Positively charge particles : part of the nucleus

Front 4

Neutrons

Back 4

Neutrally charged particles : part of the nucleus

Front 5

Element

Back 5

A pure substance consisting of only one type of atom

Front 6

Istopes

Back 6

An atom with more electrons than the original form : all Isopes of an element have the same chemical properties

Front 7

Ionic Bond

Back 7

Formed when one ore more electrons are TRANSFERED from one atom to another

Front 8

Ion

Back 8

An Ion is an atom that has lost or gained electrons, causing the atoms to have a charge

Front 9

Covalent Bond

Back 9

Forms when electrons are shared between atoms

Front 10

Molecule

Back 10

the smallest unit of compounds : formed when atoms are combined by covalent Bonds

Front 11

Van Der Waals Forces

Back 11

Weak intermolecule forces of attraction

Front 12

Properties of water...

Back 12

Cohesion: Attraction of like substances
Adhesion: Attraction of unlike substances

Front 13

Hydrogen Bonds

Back 13

the strongest of bonds that can form between molecules, but not as strong as an ionic or covalent

Front 14

Mixture

Back 14

A substance composed of two or more elements/compounds that have been physically, but not chemically, mixed together

Front 15

Soloution

Back 15

A mixture with all components evenly distriubuted throughout

Front 16

Suspension

Back 16

A mixture with an uneven Distribution of components

Front 17

pH scale

Back 17

A scale ranging from 0-14, used to indicate the concentration of Hydrogen Ions (H+) in a soloution

Front 18

Acids

Back 18

the lower the pH the greater the acidity-has more Hydrogen Ions

Front 19

Base

Back 19

The higher the pH the greater the Basic- has less Hydrogen Ions

Front 20

Steps in the pH scale

Back 20

Each step on the pH scale represents a power of 10

Front 21

Buffers

Back 21

substances that separate and Protect

Front 22

Organic chemistry

Back 22

study of compounds that contain bonds between Carbon atoms

Front 23

4 groups of organic compounds

Back 23

Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Proteins

Front 24

Carbohydrates

Back 24

Made up of carbon Hydrogen and Oxygen Atoms in a ration of 1:2:1

Front 25

Monosacchardie

Back 25

Single sugar molecules such as glucose, glactose and fructose

Front 26

Disacchardie

Back 26

Sugar Molecules composed of two Monosacchardie, ex: lactose and sucrose

Front 27

Polysacchardie

Back 27

Sugar Molecules composed of many Monosacchardie, ex: Starch and cellulose

Front 28

Proteins

Back 28

Many different types (Structural, Storage, enzymes Transport)

Front 29

Amino Acids

Back 29

Compound with an amino group(NH2) on one end and a Carboxyl group (COOH) on the other end : make up proteins

Front 30

Lipids

Back 30

3 types : Triglycerides
Phospholides
Steroids

Front 31

Chemical Reaction

Back 31

the Process that changes one set of chemicals into another set

Front 32

Reactants

Back 32

elements or compounds that enter into a reaction

Front 33

Products

Back 33

Elements or compounds that enter into a reaction

Front 34

Catalyst

Back 34

a substance that speeds up the rate of a reaction

Front 35

Substraight

Back 35

the reactants of enzyme catalyzed reactions