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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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mitochondrion |
produce energy from nutrients (a.k.a cell respiration) |
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golgi apparatus |
process and package macromolecules (ex. protein or lipas) for delivery through and outside cell |
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nucleolus |
produces ribosomes to combine with proteins |
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nucleus |
stores DNA and coordinates activities in cell (ex. reproduction, growth..) |
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centrioles |
-only in animal -pairs structures involved in cell division |
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cytoplasm |
-fills the cell, holds other organelles in suspension |
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ribosomes |
-connects amino acids |
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golgi vesicles |
forms glycoproteins |
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cell membrane |
-surrounds the cytoplasm |
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lysosome |
-only in animal -breaks down waste materials and cellular debris |
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rough endoplasmic reticulum |
assembly of proteins |
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smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
-regulates,releases calcium -processes toxins |
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chromatin |
-packages and protects DNA structure and sequence |
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central vacuole |
-only in plant -holds materials, waste and maintains proper pressure |
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cell wall |
-only in plant -provides structure and support -filters and acts as pressure vessel |
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nuclear envelope |
encloses the nucleus |
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chloroplast |
-only in plant -convert light energy into sugars |
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stem cell |
an unspecialized cell in an multicellular organism that is capable of specializing |
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four types of animal tissues |
-epithelial tissue -connective tissue -muscle tissue -nervous tissue |
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three types of plant tissues |
-vascular tissue -dermal tissue -ground tissue |
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tissue |
groups of specialized cells coming together to perform a common function |
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organs |
-when two or more tissues combine, the type of tissue defines its function |
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epithelial tissue |
provides cover and protection for body |
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connective tissue |
provides support |
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muscle tissue |
provides movement |
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nervous tissue |
provides control and communication |
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vascular tissue |
-made up of xylem and phloem cells -xy: transports water -ph: transports sugars -found in stems, leaves, and roots |
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dermal tissue |
-made up of epidermis and periderm cells -protects plant tissues and prevents water loss -found in outer layer of stems, roots, and leaves |
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ground tissue |
-made up of parenchyma, collencyma, schelerenchyma cells -controls metabolism,storage and support -found in stems, roots, and leaves |
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digestive system |
breaks down and absorbs food, converts into energy and then removes solid waste -mouth: food chopped up by teeth and moistened by saliva then -tongue: pushes food down into -pharynx: long tube that serves two purposes (switches through epiglottis -tissue flap-) -esophagus: carries swallowed food to the -stomach: muscular sac that breaks up food for nutrients -small intestine: breaks down food for nutrients, 90% of nutrients in body on way to -large intestine: removes water and bile salts from chyme -liver: secretes bile into small intestine -gallbladder: stores and recycles bile -pancreas: secretes digestive enzymes into small intestine |
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respiratory system |
a system that takes in oxygen and expels carbon dioxide (breathing) -nasal cavity/mouth: takes in oxygen -trachea: filters air and sends to -bronchi: two air tubes that branch air off to the -lungs: red blood cells deliver oxygen to other cells and bring back carbon dioxide for us to exhale
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cancer cell |
independent 'immortal' cell that divides uncontrollably and forms a tumor |
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cytoskeleton |
helps cell maintain shape |
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circulatory system |
network of organs and vessels that circulate and transport nutrients (ex. amino acids, electrolytes), oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones to and from cells -red blood cells: transports oxygen from lungs to other cells, takes back carbon dioxide where it is removed when we exhale -heart: pumps blood (which carries oxygen, nutrients, water etc..) around your body through arteries and veins -plasma: liquid part of blood made in liver, carries blood cells |
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homeostasis |
the ability of a system to maintain internal stability (Ex. constant body temp. despite outside temp. ) |
