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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Carbons use bonds to:
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1. attach to other carbons 2. form endless diversity of carbon skeletons
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Simplest organic compounds are?
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hydrocarbons, containing hydrogen and carbon atoms. simplest hydrocarbon is methane.
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Funtional groups are what atoms?
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atoms attached to a carbon skelton and depend on the skeleton Ex. hydroxal, carbonyl, and amino groups
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what proccess breaks down macromolecules?
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hydrolysis
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most macromolecules are what, what do they do, and how do cells link monomers?
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-polymers
-polymers are made by stringing together many smaller molecules called monomers. link monomers by dehydration synthesis. |
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What are four categories of large molecules in cells?
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carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
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what molcule does dietary fat consist largely of?
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triglyceride
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fats perform what essential functions in the body?
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energy storage, cushioning, insulation, vitamins
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what is a gigantic molecule?
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macromolecule
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what is an aqueous solution?
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water
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what is a disaccharide?
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a double sugar constructed from 2 monosaccharides?
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how are disaccharides joined?
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proccess of dehydration synthesis
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what is the most common disaccharide?
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table sugar
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what is a polysaccharide?
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complex carb of a long chain of sugar units
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organic chemistry is the study of what?
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carbon compounds
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Lipids are hydrophobic and examples are:
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fats and steroids
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Biology is:
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the scientific study of life
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Ecology is:
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the branch of biology that investigates these relationships between organisms and their environment
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The language of DNA contains:
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four letters: AGCT
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Taxonomy is:
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the branch of biology that names and classifies species
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the three domains of life are:
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bacteria, archaea, eukarya
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bacteria and archaea are:
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prokaryotic domains
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Eukarya includes what 4 kingdoms?
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protista, plantae, fungi, and animalia
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the product of natural selection is:
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adaptation
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Artificial selection is:
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the selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals by humans
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