Bio Subject Test 345 "taxonomy"

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taxonomy

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King play chest on fiver glass stools

Kingdom
phylum
subphylum
class
order
family
genus
species

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5 kingdom

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monera
protista
fungi
plantae
animalia

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Virus

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not living must depend upon the host's reproductive machinery to replicate

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bacteriophages

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virus which exclusively infect bacteriaf

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Monera

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prokaryotic and unicelluar includes bacteria and blue gree algea

lack nucleus or any mebrane bound organelle
single celled
reproduce asexually

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Protista

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have both plant and animal chracteristic

eukaryotic, mostly unicellular
have membraneuos bond nucleus and organ

protozoa and algae

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fungi

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eukaryotic
molticeullar
hetertropic
decomposers

ex yest (reproduce by budding)
fungi by sporulation
mushroom

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plantae

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eukaryotes
multicellular
autotropic(photosynthetic)
cell wall made of cellulose

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nonvascular plants

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bryophyta
-mosses
-liverworth

stem이 없어서 땅에 붙어있다

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tracheophytes

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vascular plant
물과 영향분 수송

coniferophyta(gymnosperm)
anthophyta(angiosperm)

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animalia

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eukaryotes
multiceullular
no cell walls
heterotropic
bilateral symmetry

invertebrate
vertebrate

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4 chambered heart
warm blooded(homeothermic)
egg surrounded by shells

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birds

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warm blood
feed offspring with milk

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mammales
-monetremes
marsupials
placental

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monetremes

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type of mammales
lay egg
ex platypus

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marsupials

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type of mammales
-has pauch

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two chambered heart
external fertilization

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fish

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larval stage "tadpole"found in water

3chambered heart
external fertilization

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amphibia

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3 chambered heart
internal fertilization
cold blood "pokilothermic"

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reptile

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animal kingdom classification

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has 9 phylum

porifera
cnidarians
platyhelminthes
nematoda
annelida
mollusca
arthropods
Echinoderms
Chordata

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Chodata

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has 2 phylum
vertebrate and invertebrate

5 classes in vertebrate
fish
amphibia
pretile
birds
mammals

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Porifera

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phylum of animal kingdom

sponges
stationary

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cnidarians

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(colenterates)
digestive sacs
one opening

jelly fish

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platyhelminthes

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flatwarm

bilaterally symmetrical
no circulatory sys
nerve sys consist of eye
and logitudenal nerve cords, brain ganglion

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nematoda

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round warm
digestive tube and anus
lack circulatory sys
have nerve cords and anterior nerve ring

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Annelida

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segmented worm
have coelom (body cavity)
have nerve, circulatory and excretory system

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mollusca

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claims, snails squid
have mentles

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Arthropods

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jointed appendages
chitinous exoskeletons
open circulatory sys

3 class
insects-3 pairs of leg
archnids-4 pairs of leg "spider"
crustacean-shrimp, lobster

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Echinoderms

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radially symmetrical
water vascular system
capacity of regeneration of parts

starfish, sea urchin

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same species can ?

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mate and produce offspring

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binomial system

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2 part
italized = genus
capitalized = species

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saprophyte

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grows on and derive its nourishment from dead or decaying organic matter

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saprophytes are mostly

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fungi or bacteria

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parasite

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live off of different organism white contributing nothing

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monera

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prokaryotc and unicellular

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obligate aerobe

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bacteria, in monera
require O2

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faciltate anaerobe

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bacteria, in monera
live w/ w/o O2

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obligate anerobe

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bacteria, in monera
live w/o O2

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example of bacteria
archaebactria

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thermoacidophiles

methanogens

halophiles

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thermoacidphiles

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type of bacteria

live in extemely hot acidic and moist area

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metanoges

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type of bacteria

obligate anaerobe

produce CH4

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halophiles

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type of bacteria

live in extremely salty solution
like dead sea or great salt lake

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example of bacteria
eubacteria

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"true bacteria"
gram -

gram +

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cocci

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type of bacteria

round shape

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bacilli

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type of bacteria

rod shape

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spirill

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type of bacteria

spiral shape

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diplococci

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type of bacteria

live in duplexes

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staphylococci

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type of bacteia

live in cluster

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streptococci

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type of bacteria

live in chain

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mycoplasmas

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bacteria

smallest living cells every discovered

lack cell wall characteristic

exist as intracellular plant or aimal parasies thus pennisiln does not harm mycoplasmas

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pennicllin

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antibiotic to most bacteria except mycoplasmas

it interferes wih cell all formation

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blue green algae

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monera

-prokaryotes
-no flagella and no organelees
-have cell wall and photosynthetic pigments

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blue green algae is in which kingdom?

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monera

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simplest eukaryotes
unicellular
some simple muiltie cellular

algae

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protista

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rhisopoda

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algae (protista)
naked and shelled amoebae

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sporozoa

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algae (protista)
parasitic

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ciliophora

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algae (protista)
use cila for move and eat

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soomastigina

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algae (protista)
use flagella for move

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structure of fungi

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1.hyphae
-form mycelium, inc absorption

2. haustoria
-parasitic fungi

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hyphae
-form mycelium, inc absorption

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fungi

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haustoria

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parasitic fungi

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reproduction of fungi?

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sexual and asexual

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asexual reproduction of fungi

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conducive living condition

duplicate by proess of mass productin of cloned spores (travel by air or by sea)

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sexual reproduction of fungi

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occur when two hypae of opposite matin strains joint

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multicellular autotrophic organism

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plantae

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plasmdesmata

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in plants
opening i cell wall

cell mem is not semi permeable thus shared cell wall need opening for communication, transport btw adjacent cells

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evolution of plants

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ancestral green algae

- vascular plant
and nonvascular plant (moss)

-vas plant to seed plant and non seed plants (fern)

-seed plant to conifers and flowering plants

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mosses, liverworth, hornworth(bryothyits) and group of green algae and lichens

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non vascular plants

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well developed iternal food and water conducting system

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vascular

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nonvascular plant lacks?

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well developed iternal food and water conducting system
(like xylem or phloem)
roots or leave

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whic type of plant need water for reproduction?

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nonvascular

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composite o species of fungi that contain symbiotic species of cynobacteria w/i their tissue

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lichens (nonvascular plants)

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tracheophytes

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vascular plants

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bryophytes

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nonvascular plants

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vascular plants (tacheophytes)
have

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xylem and pholem

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vascular plants (tacheophytes) have life cycle

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sporophyte is more prominent than the gametophyte

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have vascular tissue w/ true roots and leaves, reproduceva spors and need H2O for fertilization

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seedless plants

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division psilophyta

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whiskferns (seedless plant)

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division lycophyta

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club mosses (seedless plants)

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division spenophyta

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horsetails (seedless plants)

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division pferophyta

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fern (seedless plants)

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do not require water for fertilization

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seed plants

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unprotectd seed
retain leave throug winter
leave like needle
pine cone (reproductie structre)

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gymnosperm, (seed plant)

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protected seed

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angiosperm seed plant flowering plants

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monocot

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one cotyledon (seed leaf)

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dicot

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two cotyldon (seed leaf)

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porifera
radiata
acoelomate(platylhelminthes)
pseudocoelomates
prostostoms
arthropods
deutierostomes(echinodermata)

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inverebrate

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chordata
amphibia
reptiles
aves (birds)
mammalia

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vertebrae

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two layer of cell arranged in the sac surrounding a central cavity

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spongecoel(sponge)

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sponge

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porifera

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metazoa is aka?

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animalia

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regenerate body part

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porifera (sponge)

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hydra, medusa, sea anemone, corals

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radiata

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have digestive sac "gasrovascular cavity"
one opening
net nerve, tentacle, stinging cells
radial sym
2 laye "ecto and endo"

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radita
(hydra, medusa, sea anemone, corals)

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platylhelminthes(acoelomante)

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flatworm
platylhelminthes(acoelomante)

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pseudocoelomates(nemtodes)

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round worms
pseudocoelomates(nemtodes)

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bilateral sym
no cir. sys
nerve sys consist of eye anterior brain ganglion and pair of longitudinal nerve cords
one opening

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flatworm
platylhelminthes(acoelomante)

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anterior nerve ring
long digestive tube nd anus
no cyc system

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round worms(hook worms)
pseudocoelomates(nemtodes)

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protostomes

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annelids and mllusks

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have mentals and seceret calcium carbonate
brath thru gils and have chambered heart

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snails, squid, clams

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have coelom
well defined sys
-nerve, cir, exretory

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annelids (segmented worm)

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insects, archnids, crustaceans

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arthropds

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3 pairs of leg
spiracles
tracheal tube (breath outside aquatic condition)
malpighian tube (wasste removeable)

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insects

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for pairs of legs and book lung

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archnids
scopion and spider

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scopion and spider

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archnids

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segmented ody w/ varable # of appendages

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rustaceans
lobster, shrimp, crayfish

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lobster, shrimp, crayfish

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crustaceans

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radial symetrical
spiny
water vascular system
regenerat body parts

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deutierostomes(echinodermata)
star fish, sea urchins

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star fish, sea urchins

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deutierostomes(echinodermata

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notochord is present during embryoogic development
contain both invertebrates and vertebrates
have dorsal hallow nerve cord and tails extending beyond the anus during development

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chordata

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1st vertebrate on land
btw land and water

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amphibia
salamander, toads,

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amniotic egg
ectothrmic

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reptile
snake and lizzard

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mammary lands
hair
placental

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mammalia

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marsupials
humans
rodetns
kangaroos
heres

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mammalia