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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a genotype? |
The combination of alleles that an organism has for a gene |
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What is a phenotype? |
This is the observable characteristic or trait that is seen in the individual |
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What is epigenetic? |
The mechanisms that regulate gene expression, causing changes to the phenotype. |
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When is an environmental factor classified as epigenetic? |
An environmental factor is classified as epigenetic when the DNA sequence is unchanged. |
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What does dominant mean? |
The trait expressed in a heterozygous individual e.g. (‘E’) |
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What does recessive mean? |
The trait not expressed in a heterozygous individual e.g. (‘e’) |
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What does Heterozygous mean? |
Having two different alleles for a gene. |
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What does homozygous mean? |
Having two copies of the same allele |
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What is a gene? |
Genes are sections of DNA that code for a polypeptide (protein) |
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What is a genome? |
A genome is the complete set of genetic material in an organism/cell at a given time |
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How do alleles arise? |
Mutation |
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What is a somatic cell? |
Body cells other than reproductive cells |
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What type of cell are somatic cells? |
They are diploid meaning they have two sets of chromosome, or 2n, where n is the haploid number |
