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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Boundaries of trade zones |
30 to 30 |
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BATS is |
at 32 N in Sargossa Sea |
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__________ have lower ______ and are ________________ than the zones ________ to _________ affected by _____________ |
central gyres, surface chlorophyll, less productive 15 N to 15 S, equatorial upwelling |
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key feature of subtropical gyres also dominant phytoplnkton |
water column stability water clarity, PS to 125 m picoplankton |
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summer vs winter cyanobacteria |
prochlorococcus, syenochocccus |
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limiting nutrients NPSG andSargasso Sea |
N and P; n probably more than p |
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Liebig |
one nutrient compound in least supply relate to plant requirements would be factor limiting plant growth |
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What prochlorococcus good at and why |
deal with extremely low phosphorous and iron has sulfolipids rather than phospholipids absence of nitrate reductase saves on iron |
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HNLC |
high nitrogen low chlorophyll; iron is liebigian nutrient |
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upward nutrient mixing in gyres |
consonant with cyclonic eddies being primary mechanism |
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measuring bulk diazatrophy 1 |
put acetylene over sample and measuring ethylene produced |
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measuring bulk diazatrophy 2 |
label 15N2 and introduce; organic matter produced is then labeled and can be extracted and measured with mass spectrometry |
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limiting factors of diazatrophy |
temp, irradiance, phosphate, iron iron most important |
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diaztrophy saragsso vs NPSH |
greater in atlantic; iron from saharan desert carried west by trade and thus P becomes limiting nutrient
no iron in NPSH |
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redfield ratio |
N:P about 16 - 1 |
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grazing in NPSH |
keeps phytoplankton at almost exact balance; grazers consume all increase in biomass every day
herbivory done by protozoans |
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mesozooplankton in NPSH |
low biomass, 3x more species than higher latitudes |
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trade winds blow which and where |
east to west +-5-20 doldrums over equator
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primary productivity shows |
slight photoinhibition in eastern tropical pacific equatorial biome |
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eastern tropical pacific equatorial biome important source of |
CO2 for atmosphere (upwelling, brought from deep) |
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el nino = |
reduced nutrients
warm waters, coastal plankton and fish require more food and there is less ofit |
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shear stress produces |
tropical instability waves east to west 50 km per day
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picture TIS |
vortex in water column; downwelling and northern transport at west, upwelling and west in north
strong dilute nutrients; weak enhance local upwelling that produces productivity |
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waters in equatorl pacific never |
depleted of nitrate, phytoplankton always present
HNLC
iron limitation constrains phytoplankton to small size |
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TIWs atlantic vs Pacific phtoplankton vs grazers? |
June to October (5 months) vs 9 months both dominated by picoplankton and heterotrophic protists |
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four major EBCS (eastern boundary current systems) |
California, Peru/Humboldt, Canary, Benguela |
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3 ways nutrient input in EBCS
limiting |
upwelling, ekman transport (75%), turbulent fluxes
nitrate |
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biomass atlantic ebcs vs pacific |
2x as large in atlantic probably due to iron availability
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organisms in EBCS |
blooms dominated by diatoms; microzooplankton ~60% of grazing pressure |
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monsoon |
winter, moderate winds blow from northeast to southwest accelerating surface waters while coriolis shifts flow towards arabian coast and downwelling, nutrient depletion
opposite in summer, blow towards himalayas from desert, evaporation of desert air moistens and rain |
