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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
1. The difference between the domesticated plants broccoli and cauliflower, could be best described as:
*b) differences in the timing of growth in the two due to small genetic differences
2. All of the following statements are true concerning evolution:
a) evidence for gradual evolution is in the fossil record
c) evidence for evolution is in the imperfection of nature
d) organisms that are best adapted generally pass more genes on than those that are not
3. The Panda principle essentially means that:
*a) organisms are not perfectly designed, just good enough to take hold in a niche
4. Evidence for Darwinian evolution comes from all of the following :
a) biogeography b) comparing anatomies
d) artificial selection (plant and animal breeding)
5. Darwin’s ideas posed a threat to existing world views and continue to cause controversy because:
*a) Darwin’s ideas put into question the place of humans in the world
6. The similarity of the embryos of fish, frogs, birds, and humans is evidence of:
*d) common ancestry
7. According to Darwin natural selection is a two-step process, development of variation within a population and selection based on fitness. Considering Darwin’s explanation of natural selection discussed in class, if resources were not limited, populations would most likely:
*a) grow exponentially
8. Leg bones in whales would be best described as an example of:
*c) vestigial structures
9. Structures that appear to be similar are found in species that do not appear to be related (e.g. the wings of birds and butterflies). The evolution of different structures that have the same function is:
*b) An example of convergent evolution and the structures are analogous
10. Which piece of evidence argues strongly against the philosophical idea of finalism?
*b) simple prokaryotic bacteria have survived the longest of any known organism
11. Darwin’s theory of evolution is most at odds with:
*b) Essentialism
12. The fact that some bacteria die and some survive when exposed to antibiotics is a direct demonstration of which of Darwin’ s explanations of natural selection?
*d) No two individuals are the same
13. According to the class video “Great Transformations” whales demonstrate their evolutionary origin in:
a) their ancestral way of swimming b) transitional forms from modern whales to wolf-like ancestors c) transitional forms showing the migration of nostrils from the front to the top of the body
14. The likelihood of inbred dogs having the same negative alleles (gene types) is due to:
*a) genetic drift (bottleneck effect or founder effect)
15. In a particular bird species, individuals with average-sized wings survive severe storms more successfully than other birds in the same population with longer or shorter wings. This illustrates:
*b) stabilizing selection
16. According to the biological definition, a species is:
*d) a population that has the potential to successfully interbreed
17. Darwinian fitness measures:
*c) Reproductive success
18. A small population of birds, finding food scarce among a large population of its kind on the mainland, colonizes a nearby island. Ten years later, scientists decide to test their genetic variety by analyzing the island birds DNA. As compared to the mainland birds, you would expect the genetic variety (the number of gene variations) in the island birds to be:
*c) decreased due to the founder effect
19. Organisms exposed to diversifying selection pressure have the potential to develop into new species over time if:
*b) gene flow is stopped
20. Paedomorphosis is commonly seen in domestic animals selected for tameability. Some common features include regionally spotted coats, wider than natural skulls and submissive behavior. Because these identical traits are is seen among many mammals in domestication and developed in only a few generations of breeding we can conclude that paedomorposis:
*a) Is caused by a small number of genes that are common to most mammals
21. Following a bottleneck event in a population, the likelihood of two individuals having the same negative alleles (gene types) is:
*b) increased
22. Concerning dog evolution and according to class information most scientists believe:
*c) dogs evolved from wolves by feeding near to and off of human waste
23. The farm fox experiment showed that:
*a) selection for tameness brings out many unexpected traits
24. If you were to perform a hybrid cross between two true breeding organisms of different phenotypes, in their offspring you should expect to see:
*a) 1 phenotype
25. In a fruit fly population, the red eye trait is fully dominant to the white eye trait. True-breeding red eyed male is mated with a true-breeding white-eyed female. What will be the genotype of the flies resulting from this mating?
*d) flies with one red-eyed allele and one white-eyed allele
26. Mendel concluded that the hereditary material was:
*b) Particulate and equally contributed by both parents
27. Whether an allele is dominant or recessive depends on:
*d) whether it or another allele determines the phenotype when both are present
28. Florida deer mice fur color is due to two separate genes. One gene determines the amount of dark pigment produced and alleles range from dark black to brown. The second gene determines whether or not pigment is deposited in the hair. The relationship of the second gene to the first in this case is considered:
*a) epistatic
29. Heterozygous individuals would also be all of the following except:
*a) recessive phenotypes
b) dominant phenotypes c) one dominant and one recessive allele d) hybrids (outcome of two pure types)
30. You decide to replicate Mendel’s pea plant experiments involving inheritance of pea flower color in your garden this summer. You take two purple flowered plants and cross-fertilize them and find that the offspring are composed of 3 purple flowered plants and 1 white flowered plant. You then conclude that the purple flowered parents must have been of which of the following genotypes?
*a) Pp and Pp