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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
All matter is comprised of what?
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matter
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What is matter?
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anything having mass and occupying space
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What is Mass?
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a measure of the amount of matter that an object contains
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Mass Weight
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the measure of how strongly and object is pulled by earths gravity and consequently varies as a function of distance from the earths center. Mass does not vary with its position.
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Biologically Important Elements
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92 naturally occuring elements
25 are essential for life |
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96% of all living matter
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C,O,H and N
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remaining 4% of all living matter
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Ca, P, K, S, Na, Cl, Mg, and trace elements
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Trace Elements
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Although in very small quantities are very important
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Compounds
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two or more compounds combined in a fixed ratio
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Atom
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smallest possible unit of matter that retains the physical and chemical properties of its element, all atoms of the same element share the same chemical properties.
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What does the atomic structure determine?
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the behavior of an element
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Atams are comprised of subatomic properties, what are they?
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Neutrons, protons, and elctrons
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Nucleus
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dense core of the atom
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What is the nucleus's charge?
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it is positively charged-neutrons and protons are positivly charged only
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Electrons
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...are held in orbits by the electrostatic attraction to nuclear protons
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Dalton
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unit of mass equal to 1.67 x 10-24 g
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Atomic number
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equal to the number of protons in a particular element
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What is the same of all atoms of a particular element?
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the atomic number
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In a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals the number of what?
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protons
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Mass Number
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the number of protons and neutrons in a particular element
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Nomenclature
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23 Na (sodium has a total of 23 neutrons and protons
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Knowing both the atomic number and mass number you can determine the number of what?
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neutrons (23-11=12)
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Mass number is an approximate measure of what?
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the mass of an atom since proton and neuton mass are approximatly 1 dalton
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Atomic Weight
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the weighed mean of the masses of an element's constituent isotopes
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Isotope
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the of an element that have the same atomic number but different mass number
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Isotopes must have...
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the same number of protons and different number of neutrons
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Energy
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the ability to do work
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potential energy
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energy stored by matter due to its position or location
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Energy levels of electrons
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electrons are negetively charged particles that orbit around the nucleus
-equal in mass and size -involved in chemical reaction -have potential energy |
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electron shells
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fixed potential energy states
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