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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chromosomes |
Structures that help in transmission of genetic info from one generation to the next Humans have 43 that appear in 23 pairs 22 pairs are autosomes 1 pair sex chromosomes |
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Chromatin |
DNA and Proteins in chromosomes |
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Karyotope |
Chromosome pairs arranged by size from, largest to smallest Paired choromsomes from a persons karyotope is a Homolog |
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sister chromatids |
Chromosomes dividing into 2 identical parts |
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Centromere |
holds the chromotids together |
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2 cell cycles |
Interphase and Mitosis |
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Interphase |
G1 - Growth - doubles its organelles and accumulates material for DNA synthesis S - growth and DNA replication - G2 - Growth and final preparations for division |
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Mitosis and Cytokinesis |
Mitosis - each new duplicated neucleus contains same number and type of chromosomes Cytokineses - division of cytoplasm |
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Apoptosis |
programmed cell death helps to regulate Mitosis |
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Check points |
control cell cycle that can delay cell cycle until certain conditions are met G1 ceckpoint - if cell passes committed to division G2 - Check for replicated DNA M - checks to make cure chromosomes are attatched to spindles |
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Diploid |
2n |
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Centrosome |
microtube organization center |
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Mitotic Spindle |
macromolecular machine that segregates chromosomes to two daughter cells during mitosis. The major structural elements of the spindleare microtubule polymers, whose intrinsic polarity and dynamic properties are critical for bipolar spindle organization and function |
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Centriole |
a minute cylindrical organelle near the nucleus in animal cells, occurring in pairs and involved in the development of spindle fibers in cell division. |
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Prophase |
the first stage of cell division, before metaphase, during which the chromosomes become visible as paired chromatids and the nuclear envelope disappears. The first prophase of meiosis includes the reduction division. spindle fibers appear bw centrosomes |
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Metaphase |
the second stage of cell division, between prophase and anaphase, during which the chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers. |
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Anaphase |
the stage of meiotic or mitotic cell division in which the chromosomes move away from one another to opposite poles of the spindle. |
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Telophase |
the final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are formed. |
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Meiosis 1 |
Duplicated homologous pairs synapase then seperate |
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Meiosis 2 |
Sister chromotids separate becoming daughter chromosomes |
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Meiosis |
Sexual reproduction with dufferent genetics |
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Mitosis |
Asexual with identical genetics |
