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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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skeleton
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rigid support system
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What are the two different kind of skeletons?
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exoskeleton
endoskeleton |
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what is an exoskeleton?
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A skeleton external to the living tissues of an animal
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What is an endoskeleton?
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A skeleton that is largely surrounded by soft living tissue
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What is an articulated skeleton?
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has joits between adjacent structures; ekoskeleton
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What is the arthropod exoskeleton made from?
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chitin
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What is a notochord?
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consists of fluid filled cells surrounded by a connective tissue sheath
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What are tendons?
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Anchor muscles to the skeleton
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What is a lacunae?
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A cavity in bone that holds cartilage
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What is an osteoblast?
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A cell from which bone develops
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What is a chondrocyte?
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A cell that secretes cartilage?
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What is an axial skeleton?
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Runs down the body axis
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What are the parts of an axial skeleton?
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skull, vertebral column, ribs, sternum
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What is an appendicular skeleton?
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Includes the limbs or paired fins and their associated girdles
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What does the pectoral girdle include?
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scapula, clavicles, coracoids
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What is a scapula?
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shoulder blade
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What is a clavicle?
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collar bone
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What is a coracoid?
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A bone fused into the scapula, but in birds it is prominent
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What does the pelvic girdle do?
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anchors the hindlilmbs and in some vertebrates, provides support for the viscera of the trunk
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What is in the pelvic girdle?
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ileum, pubis, ischium
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Where are the forelimbs attached?
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Pectoral girdle
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What do the forelimbs include?
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humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges
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The ulna of the mammal extends beyond the elbow joint. What is the extension called?
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olecranon process
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What do the hindlimbs include?
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femur, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges
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What are sarcomeres?
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contractile unit of a skeletal muscle fiber
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What is a test?
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A body skeleton
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What is serial homology?
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structures that have the same type of embryonic origin and are repeated, with variation, in a series along the body axis
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