Bio Lab Final

Front 1

Meiosis

Back 1

The reproduction of sex cells

Front 2

Allele

Back 2

Different forms of a gene

Front 3

Phenotype

Back 3

Physical traits

Front 4

Genotype

Back 4

Genetic information

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Homozygous

Back 5

Having 2 of the same alleles, either 2 dominant (DD) or 2 recessive (dd)

Front 6

Heterozygous

Back 6

Having 2 different alleles (Dd)

Front 7

Dominant allele

Back 7

Presence of this allele determines the phenotype

Front 8

Recessive allele

Back 8

Need to have 2 alleles present to have the phenotype

Front 9

Adaptation

Back 9

A change that allows a species to survive in their environment. --> Change in population over time.

Front 10

Asexual reproduction

Back 10

A means of reproduction in which one well splits into two, usually identical, daughter cells

Front 11

Binary fission

Back 11

Mitosis of prokaryotic cells in which the two daughter cells are exact replicas of the parent cell

Front 12

Cytoplasm

Back 12

The area of a cell inside the membrane and outside the nucleus containing jelly-like cytosol which contains all the organelles

Front 13

Cytosol

Back 13

Protein-rich, jelly-like fluid in which a cell's organelles that are outside the nucleus are immersed.

Front 14

Evolution

Back 14

Any genetic based phenotypic change in a population over successive generations, with such modifications sometimes resulting in new species.

Front 15

Exocytosis

Back 15

RIdding organism of waste through fusing vacuole to plasma membrane

Front 16

Phagocytosis

Back 16

A process of bringing relatively large materials into a cell by means of wrapping extensions of the plasma membrane around the materials to be brought in and fusing the ends together

Front 17

Protista

Back 17

Domain of organisms consisting of those which are eukaryotic but do not have all the defining characteristics of either plant, animal, or fungus

Front 18

Protozoa

Back 18

Protist; Paramecium in one kind.

Front 19

Ecological niche

Back 19

A terrestrial habitat in which an organism lives

Front 20

Cuticle

Back 20

A part of the plant that regulates water flow in and out of the plant.

Front 21

Natural selection

Back 21

A process in which the differential adaptation of organisms to their environment selects those traits that will be passed on with greater frequency from one generation to the next.

Front 22

Convergent evolution

Back 22

Plants have similar structures and habitats but are found in different parts of the world

Front 23

Gene pool

Back 23

The entire collection of alleles in a population

Front 24

Environment

Back 24

The complex of biotic and abiotic factors that act upon an organism and ultimately determine its form and survival

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Biome

Back 25

An ecosystem dominated by a large vegetation formation, whose boundaries are largely determined by climate. The same biome type can occur on two different continents and have different species, but they will bear striking similarities

Front 26

Spore

Back 26

Used for reproduction for plants in water environments

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Seed

Back 27

Used for reproduction of plants not in water environments

Front 28

Herbivore

Back 28

An animal that eats plants

Front 29

Carnivore

Back 29

An animal that eats other animals/ meat

Front 30

Omnivore

Back 30

An animal that eats both meat and plants

Front 31

Detritivore (Decomposer)

Back 31

An organism that feeds on the remains of dead organisms or the cast-off materials from living organisms

Front 32

Predation

Back 32

One organism feeding on parts of all of a secondary organism

Front 33

Elicitor

Back 33

To draw forth or bring out, a chemical compound that does so

Front 34

Species diversity

Back 34

The range of different species within a community

Front 35

Food web

Back 35

A bunch of food chains, showing the flow of energy between species

Front 36

Trophic structure

Back 36

The way an ecosystem's food chain or web is set up, with each level defined by a transfer of energy from one kind of organism to another. Plants and other photosynthesizers are first level, herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores make up the second and third levels

Front 37

Competitive exclusion principle

Back 37

Two populations that compete for the same resources. Over time, one population will thrive, causing the other to be excluded

Front 38

Interspecific interactions

Back 38

Competition among different species

Front 39

Keystone species

Back 39

A species whose impact on the composition of a community is large, relative to its abundance within that community

Front 40

Climate

Back 40

The average course or condition of the weather at a place usually over a period of years as exhibited by temperature, wind velocity, and precipitation

Front 41

Abiotic factor

Back 41

Non-living things that influence populations, such as weather, temperature, geography, and elevation

Front 42

Biotic factor

Back 42

Other species that influence populations, such as predators or a lack of autotrophs

Front 43

Ecosystem

Back 43

A community of living things and the physical environment with which they interact

Front 44

Biodiversity

Back 44

The diversity of living things. Includes species diversity, diversity of distributions, and genetic diversity

Front 45

Niche

Back 45

A characterization of an organism's way of making a living that includes its habitat, food, and behavior.