Bio Lab Chp. 12

Front 1

Mitosis:

Back 1

the division of the cells nucleus

Front 2

Cytokinesis:

Back 2

division of the cytoplasm

Front 3

The cell cycle contains:

Back 3

G1, S, G2 and mitosis

Front 4

Interphase contains:

Back 4

G1, S and G2

Front 5

The 4 phases of mitosis are:

Back 5

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Front 6

Prophase:

Back 6

chromosomes condense (get some definition to them) and are darkly staining because they are post synthesis.

Front 7

Metaphase:

Back 7

chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate, and spindle poles are often visible

Front 8

Anaphase:

Back 8

chromosomes pull to each pole (look for trailing "spider legs" of chromosomes)

Front 9

Telophase:

Back 9

chromosomes are in 2 dense piles (no trailing "spider legs") and often the beginnings of cytokinesis are visible

Front 10

Colchicine:

Back 10

binds to tubulin (the protein subunit that makes up microtubules) and keeps spindle from forming.

Front 11

The G1 phase:

Back 11

The first gap or growth phase after cytokinesis. In general dividing cells spend most of their time within the G1 phase

Front 12

The S phase

Back 12

The synthesis phase. The point in the cell cycle where the genome (DNA) is replicated.

Front 13

The G2 phase

Back 13

– The second gap or growth phase after cytokinesis. Much preparation for cell division is completed within the G2 phase. Organelles replicate, chromosomes prepare to condense, microtubules begin to assemble at a spindle.

Front 14

The M phase

Back 14

The mitosis phase. This is the point where the two daughter genomes created during the S phase of the cell cycle separate.

Front 15

The C phase

Back 15

The cytokinesis phase. The point within the cell cycle where the cytoplasm divides and two daughter cells are created.

Front 16

Mitosis:

Back 16

process that deals with the separation of the two daughter genomes that were created during the S phase. It is followed immediately by cytokinesis.

Front 17

Cytokinesis

Back 17

divides the nuclei, cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two daughter cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components.

Front 18

Mitosis, with cytokinesis:

Back 18

work together to generate two genetically identical daughter cells when completed.

Front 19

Chromosomes:

Back 19

highly structured macromolecules made up of very long pieces of DNA complexed with proteins. The human genome is composed of 46 chromosomes.

Front 20

Colchine:

Back 20

A highly poisonous alkaloid that is used in the treatment of gout. Colchicine can bind tubulin and inhibit microtubulin polymerization. Without microtubule formation no spindle fibers can form and therefore colchicine is viewed as a mitotic poison. This is due to the fact that colchicine blocks that ability of the cell to move beyond the metaphase point of mitosis. In order for anaphase and telophase to take place, microtubulin must be present and the spindle fibers must be formed.

Front 21

Chromosomes, made up of protein and DNA, must:

Back 21

be condensed to be visible in the microscope.