Bio Lab Chp. 10

Front 1

All living organisms, in order to function, grow and produce must:

Back 1

acquire and use energy in chemical form.

Front 2

Chemical reactions that an organism carries out is called:

Back 2

metabolism

Front 3

Two types of metabolic reactions are:

Back 3

anabolic and catabolic

Front 4

Anabolic reactions:

Back 4

chemical reactions that need energy to make or change chemical bonds

Front 5

Catabolic reactions:

Back 5

produce energy from the breaking of chemical bonds

Front 6

Glucose (C6H12O6) catabolism is:

Back 6

one of the most common and well known chemical pathways that harvest energy to drive other biochemical pathways.

Front 7

Plants as autotrophs (self feeders) can harvest energy of the sun to make glucose by a process called:

Back 7

photosynthesis.

Front 8

Animals as heterotrophs (fed by others) can't make:

Back 8

glucose and must consume plants to obtain it.

Front 9

Plants and animals must break down glucose in a

Back 9

catabolic reaction in order to release the chemical energy.

Front 10

Glucose is broken down in a catabolic reaction in the

Back 10

mitochondria in process called the Krebs Cycle.

Front 11

During cellular respiration cells harvest energy by breaking bonds and shifting electrons from one molecule to another in a series of:

Back 11

oxidation-reduction reactions.

Front 12

Oxidation-reduction reactions can take place in

Back 12

the presence of oxygen (aerobic respiration) or absence of oxygen (anaerobic respiration)

Front 13

Fermentation is a type of:

Back 13

anaerobic respiration using yeast.

Front 14

In aerobic cellular respiration

Back 14

oxygen is the final electron acceptor and powers ATP synthesis.

Front 15

Respiration:

Back 15

the sum total of the physical and chemical processes in an organism by which oxygen is conveyed to tissues and cells, and the oxidation products, carbon dioxide and water, are given off.

Front 16

Synthesis:

Back 16

the forming or building of a more complex substance or compound from elements or simpler compounds

Front 17

Anaerobic cellular respiration:

Back 17

substitutes an inorganic molecule as the final electron acceptor.

Front 18

Fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration where:

Back 18

an organic molecule is substituted as the final electron acceptor.

Front 19

Yeast is a single celled organism belonging to the kingdom:

Back 19

Fungi

Front 20

Fermentation is one type of anaerobic cellular respiration that allows cells to make:

Back 20

ATP in the absence of oxygen.

Front 21

In fermentation the final electron acceptor is:

Back 21

NAD+

Front 22

An acetylaldehyde which is converted to ethyl alcohol provides the driving power by:

Back 22

accepting hydrogen atoms from NADH leading to the production of ethyl alcohol, carbon dioxide, ATP and heat.

Front 23

Cellular respiration:

Back 23

It is the set of the metabolic reactions and processes that take place in organisms' cells to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products. The reactions involved in respiration are catabolic reactions that involve the oxidation of one molecule and the reduction of another.

Front 24

Cellular respiration:

Back 24

Make ATP from glucose.
A) aerobic respiration
B) anaerobic respiration

Front 25

Glycolysis:

Back 25

glucose converted to pyruvate, ATP, NADH (electron storage molecule). Does not require oxygen to take place. It is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. The one metabolic pathway in all living organisms.

Front 26

Pyruvate conversion:

Back 26

2 pyruvate converted to 2 Acetyl CoA.

Front 27

Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)

Back 27

Acetyl CoA -> NADH+FADH2 + ATP

Front 28

Electron Transport Chain:

Back 28

chemiosis requires O2 as the final electron acceptor. NADH+FADH2-> A LOT OF ATP.

Front 29

Yeast/Sucrose test was the most reactive and created the most CO2

Back 29

.

Front 30

Boiled yeast/Sucrose created the least CO2. Because the heat killed the yeast cells.

Back 30

.

Front 31

Sucrose and water created minimal reaction because of the absence of yeast cells for anaerobic respiration.

Back 31

.

Front 32

FermentationO6

Back 32

C6H12O6 = 2C2H5OH+2CO2+2ATP+HEAT

Front 33

Metabolic properties of fermentation:

Back 33

releases energy from a carbohydrate without oxygen by producing ethanol or lactate.

Front 34

Aerobic respiration requires:

Back 34

oxygen

Front 35

Anaerobic respiration:

Back 35

does not require oxygen

Front 36

Oxygen is:

Back 36

the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration

Front 37

Fermentation:

Back 37

turns glucose into ethanol, carbon dioxide, ATP and heat.

Front 38

Glycolysis nets a gain of:

Back 38

2 ATP molecules and the loss of 2 NAD+ molecules.

Front 39

Aerobic respiration:

Back 39

oxygen is is an excellent electron acceptor. NADH electrons given to oxygen to form water. The NAD+ is formed which can then accept some more electrons in glycolysis.

Front 40

Boiling yeast:

Back 40

kills yeast cells and prevents their reaction of producing the least amount of CO2.

Front 41

Why didn't a reaction occur in the sucrose only tube from the lab?

Back 41

Because it didn't include yeast which is needed to break the sucrose bonds releasing energy & CO2. Prevented a catabolic reaction.

Front 42

What was the purpose of the warm water bath in the yeast and sucrose fermentation lab?

Back 42

Heat speeds up the reaction to a certain point. Too much heat will prevent a reaction. Heat provided the optimum temp. for a reaction.