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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
cyanosis |
lips and nail beds |
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diaphoresis |
clammy sweaty skin |
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hypoperfusion |
shock- inadequate circulation of blood (oxygen) to the cells |
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factors affecting bp |
posture, excercise, cardiovascular diseases, diet, medications |
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hypotension |
low bp orthostatis and acute |
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orthostatic hypotension |
temp. low bp and dizziness suddenly rising from a sitting or reclining position |
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acute hypotension |
circulatory shock |
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hypertension |
high bp arterial pressure of 140.90 or higher primary |
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primary |
due to several risk factors heredity, diet, obesity, age, stress, diabetes mellitus, and smoking |
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elasticity |
healthy expands absorbing shock of systolic pressure rigid artery cannot expand, so wall expereince higher pressure |
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vessel diameter |
small diameter means more blood cells in contact with walls, more friction greater resistance greater pressure |
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3 factors affecting resistance |
blood vessel length adult vs. children blood vesell diameter and flex. - atheroscleriosis, arteriosclerosis, meds blood viscosity - preggos, meds, diet |
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CHF |
cardiac output is low that blood circulation inadequate to meet tissue needs c |
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chf caused by |
atheroscleriosis high blood pressure multiple myocardial infarcts |
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cardiac output |
heart rate and stroke volume change in opoopsite directions to maintain contant cardiac output ex.bleeding
heart rate x sv-co
volume of blood pumped outby left ventricle each min |
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blood pressure |
cardiac output x peripheral resistance bp=co x pr |
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peripheral resistance |
frictional force that opposes blood flow flow=dp/r |
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vasodilation |
increase luminal space, decrease resistance, increase blood flow |
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vasoconstriction |
decrease luminal space, increase resistance, decrease blood flow. |
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sphygmonmanometer |
blood pressure cuff |
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sounds of korotkoff |
characteristic sounds heard when measuring bp |
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systolic pressure |
pressure in cuff equal to aterial pressure, begin to hear sound |
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diastolic pressure |
pressure in cuff drop bewow minimal pressure in ventricular relaxation, sounds disapear |
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blood pressure |
Force per unit area exerted on vessel wall by the blood. |
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Systolic pressure |
Highest pressure in artery at peak ventricular contraction. |
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Diastolic pressure |
Lowest pressure during ventricular relaxation. |
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Pulse pressure |
Systolic – diastolic |
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Dicrotic notch |
Brief backflow resulting in closing of semilunar valves |
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Pulse |
results from alternating surges of pressure in artery occurring with each beat of left ventricle.
Average adult between 60-100.
Apical pulse counted from heart.
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Bradycardia |
slow heart rate |
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Tachycardia: |
fast |
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Pulse deficit |
lag time between apical and distal pulse |
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Asystole |
flat line |
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Ventricular contraction |
Pressure in ventricles rises – AV valves close (lub) – Ventricular pressure > arterial (aortic) pressure – Semilunar valves open – Late systole: ventricles relax, semilunar valves shut (dub) |
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lub |
av valve closes |
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dub |
semilunar shuts |
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Diastole: |
Ventricular relaxation – Low pressure in heart – Blood flows passively into chambers – AV valves open, semilunar valves closed – Late diastole/atrial systole (atria contract) |