Bio Lab

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ARM

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BASE

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BODY TUBE

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CONDENSER

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COURSE ADJUSMET

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DIAPHRAGM

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EYEPEICES

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FINE ADJUSMENT

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LIGHT SOURCE

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OBJECTIVES

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ROTATING NOSEPIECE

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STAGE CLIPS

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STAGE

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Explain the Scientific Method

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*The only scientific way accepted to support or disprove a theory.

*All research projects are based on this

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The five + ONE steps in scientific method are...

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Observation
Question
Hypothesis
Method
Result
State your results

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Observation
Question, Hypothesis, Method and Result are known as

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Scientific Method

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During Observation, you use _______ or _________.

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Your senses & machines (which are extensions of those senses)

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During "Question" you ask about _______ and you ________

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Observe & State the problem or question

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During "Hypothesis you ___________

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Predict the answer to the question

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During "Method" you figure out a way to __________. The outcome should be _________

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Test your hypothesis & Measurable (Quantifiable)

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During result you want to __________ and then _____________. Always repeat

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Do the experiment from the method & record the results!

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The movement of molecules from a higher area of concentration to a lower area of concentration is know as what?

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Diffusion

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What is Diffusion?

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The movement of molecules from a higher area of concentration to a lower area of concentration

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What is the reason for Diffusion?

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Molecular collisions

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Molecular Collisions cause what?

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Diffusion

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Molecular Collision occurs due to what?

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High areas of concentration.

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The diffusion of water is know as?

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Osmosis

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Water diffuses across what?

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A permeable membrane

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Osmosis can be defined as?

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The diffusion of water across a permeable membrane

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During osmosis, the center of the cell membrane contains what?

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Non-polar fatty acid tails of phospholipid molecules

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What cannot diffuse across the membrane because of the non-polar area?

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Large polar molecules and charged particles.

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What CAN cross the membrane during osmosis?

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Water

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when a solute cannot pass through a membrane, it is know as what?

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Osmosis

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During osmosis, water moves from __________ to ____________

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HIGHER water concentrated areas to lower areas of water concentration...where the solutes are.

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Examples of solutes that CANNOT pass the membrane are what?

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Salt, sugar and protein

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The force of osmosis is known as what?

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Osmotic Pressure

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how can Osmotic Pressure be described?

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The force of osmosis as it move across the permeable membrane

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When water moves outside to inside it is know as what...

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Hypotonic

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When water moves from inside to outside it is know as what...

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Hypertonic

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When water is equally moved inside and outside it is know as what?

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Isotonic

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What is the process that uses light energy to synthesize carbohydrate from carbon dioxide?

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Photosynthesis

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What is the name of this equation?

6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy R + C6H12O6 + 6O2

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PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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What is the name of this equation?

C612O6 + 6O2 R 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY

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CELLULAR RESPIRATION

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The equations for _____________ and ______________ are backwards

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Photosynthesis and Cellular respiration

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When plants are exposed to light ________ and _________ occur.

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Photosynthesis and Cellular respiration

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When plants are in the dark, only _____________ occurs.

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Cellular Respiration

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Carbon dioxide and water form what?

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Carbonic Acid H2C03

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Carbonic Acid is created from what two elements?

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Water and carbon dioxide

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Carbonic Acid dissociates into what?

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Hydrogen and bicarbonate ions

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Hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions are dissociated from what?

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carbonic acid

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During photosynthesis, the PH level drops due to the presense of what?

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hydrogen ions

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Respirating plants RELEASE what into the water? what does this cause?

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Carbondioxide and it causes the PH level to decrease

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Plants during photosynthesis plants TAKE UP what? what does this cause?

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Carbon dioxide and the PH level increases

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The reactions within cells result in the synthesis of what?

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ATP

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Energy is stored in what during cellular respiration?

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Glucose

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___________ requires oxygen as the final electron acceptor. ________ does not require oxygen.

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Aerobic respiration & fermentation.

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What is this the equation for?

C6H12O6 + 6O2 (R) 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 OR 38 ATP

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AEROBIC RESPIRATION

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Glucose is completely broken down during what?

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Aerobic respiration

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Glucose is partially broken down during what?

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Fermentation

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Plant and fungi cells produce ___________ as a result of fermentation.

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Alcohol

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This is the equation of for what?

C6H12O6 + (R) 2CO3 + 2C3H5OH + 2ATP

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ALCOHOL FERMINTATION

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Does fermentation or aerobic respiration produce more ATP?

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aerobic respiration