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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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allele
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an alternative form of the same gene
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autosome
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a type of chromosome that does not directly determinean aorganism's sex
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character
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a characteristic of that organism; trait
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trait
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a characteristic of that organism; character
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codominance
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two alleles both contribute to the phenotype, so that heterozygote has an intermediate phenotype
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diploid
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two copies of each type of chromosome
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chromosomes
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structures in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells that carry genetic material (DNA)
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dominant
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an allele that determines the phenotype that is expressed whne paired with another allele (recessive allele)
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frequency
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the ratio of the # of times an event occurs to the times it could potentially occur
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gene
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a DNA sequence at a particular location (locus) on a chromosome
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genotype
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describes the alleles that an individual has at one or more genetic loci
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haploid
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an organism with one copy of each type of chromosome
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heterozygote
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an individual with two different alleles at the same genetic locus on its homologous chromosomes
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homozygote
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an individual with the same allele at the same genetic locus on its homologous chromosome pair
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locus
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a location on a chromosome that contains a particular gene
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phenotype
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the traits or characteristics of an individual
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recessive
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an allele which is not expressed if heterozygous with another allele
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somatic
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pertaining to the body
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allele frequency
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the ratio of the # of alleles of a particular type at a genetic locus to the total number of alleles at that genetic locus in that population
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distribution
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a summary of the values of a phenotypic trait for the members of a population; illustrated with histograms
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emigration
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the movement of individuals out of a population
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founder effect
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a reduction in population size that occurs when one (or a few) members from a source population establishes a new population at a new location
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gene pool
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all of the genetic loci and alleles at those loci for the members of a particular population
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genotype frequency
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the ratio of the number of individuals with a particular genotype to the total number of individuals in that population
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immigration
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the movement of individuals into a population
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phenotype frequency
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the ratio of the number of individuals with a particular phenotype to the total number of individuals in that population
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population
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a group of individuals who are likely to breed with one another, but who are unlikely to breed with the members of other populations
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