Bio Ii - Chapter 40 - Plant Reproduction

Front 1

In angiosperms, flowers containing both male and female parts are referred to as _____ and are monoecious

Back 1

perfect

Front 2

Flowers containing either male or female parts are referred to as _____ and are dioecious

Back 2

imperfect

Front 3

_____ occurs when male and female gametes are exchanged between individuals of the same species

Back 3

outcrossing

Front 4

____ occurs when a sperm and an egg from the same individual unite to form a zygote

Back 4

self-fertilization

Front 5

Meiosis and spore production occur inside structures called ____

Back 5

sporangia

Front 6

Mature gametophytes develop reproductive structures known as _____ and inside of it, haploid gametes are produced by mitosis

Back 6

gametangia

Front 7

______ does not involve meiosis or fertilization, and it results in the production of clones-- offspring that are genetically identical to the parent plant

Back 7

asexual reproduction

Front 8

_____ are horizontal stems that connect many of the individuals in a grass sod

Back 8

rhizomes

Front 9

a plant may propagate itself via modified stems called ____ that grow under the surface of the soil

Back 9

corms

Front 10

______, formed from meristematic tissue in the margins of its leaves that drop off the parent plant and take root in the soil below to grow into independent individuals

Back 10

plantlets

Front 11

_____ are leaflike structures that make up the outermost part of the flower that are arranged in a whorl around the receptacle- the site where floral organs attach to the stem

Back 11

sepals

Front 12

The _____ produces sugar-rich fluid called nectar, which is harvested by many animals that visist the plant

Back 12

nectary

Front 13

The entire group of petals is called a _____

Back 13

corolla

Front 14

The male reproductive structure of angiosperms is the stamen, which consists of a slender stalk called the _____ and the pollen-producing organs called _____.

Back 14

filament; anthers

Front 15

What are the three regions and their functions in the female reproductive structure, the carpel

Back 15

stigma-moist tip that recieves pollen
style- slender stalk
ovary- base of the carpel were eggs are made

Front 16

meiosis and production of the female gametophyte take place in the ____, located in the ovary

Back 16

ovule

Front 17

The diploid cell called the _____ is found inside a structure called the ______ within the ovule

Back 17

megasporocyte; megasporangium

Front 18

four haploid cells called _____ result from meiosis, but three of them degenerate

Back 18

megaspores

Front 19

the surviving megaspore divides by mitosis to form _____

Back 19

eight nuclei

Front 20

the eight nuclei segregate to form seven cells and the central cell called the _____

Back 20

polar nuclei

Front 21

Inside the anther, structures known as ______ contain diploid cells called _____ which undergo meiosis

Back 21

microsporangia; microsporocytes

Front 22

Each microspore divides once by meiosis, forming what two things

Back 22

generative cell enclosed in a tube cell

Front 23

the strucute composed of the microspore wall and the immature male gametophyte is termed a _____

Back 23

pollen grain

Front 24

Pollen grains are tiny gametophytes that do not contain sperm. the haploid _____ will produce sperm via mitosis

Back 24

generative cell

Front 25

_____ is the transfer of pollen grains form an anther to a stigma

Back 25

pollination

Front 26

______ occurs when pollen is carried from the anther of one individual to the stigma of a different individual

Back 26

cross-pollination

Front 27

When the pollen grain germinates on the stigma, it produces a _____ that grows down the length of the style

Back 27

pollen tube

Front 28

The triploid cell resulting from the second fertilization begins a series of mitotic divisions that form tissue called ____ which stores nutrients

Back 28

endosperm

Front 29

_____ is the process by which a single-celled zygote becomes a multicellular embryo

Back 29

embryogenesis

Front 30

when a zygote divides it produces two daughter cells called?

Back 30

the basal cell and the terminal cell

Front 31

______ are the seed leaves that take up the nutrients in the endosperm and store them

Back 31

cotyledons

Front 32

The ____ is the intial stem, and the _____ is the first root structure

Back 32

hypocotyl; radicle