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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fossil
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any trace of an organism that lived in the past. these traces range from bones and branches to shells, tracks or impressions, and dung
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Fossil record
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consists of all the fossils that have been found and described in the scientific literature
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Biogeography
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the study of how species and populations are distributed geographically
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Taxonomy
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the branch of biology concerned with the classification and naming of organisms
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Extinction
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species no longer exists
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Continental drift
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the motion of continents over large periods of time due to plate tectonics
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transitional form
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a fossil species with traits that are intermediate between those of older and younger species
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phylogeny
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relatedness, based on shared traits
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homology
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a shared trait
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vestigial trait
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reduced or incompletely developed structures that have no function or reduced function but are clearly similar to functioning organs or structures in other species
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structural homology
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morphological traits that are similar
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developmental homology
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similar traits of developing embryos of different species; observed at two levels: in the overall morphology of embryos and in the fate of particular embryonic tissues
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genetic homology
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a similarity in the DNA sequences of genes from different species
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analogous traits
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characteristics that are similar but that did not exist in a common ancestor
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convergent evolution
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occurs when natural selection favors similar solutions to the problems posed by a similar way of making a living
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