Bio Ii Ap Ch 6-7

Front 1

organelle

Back 1

one of several formed bodies with specialized functions, suspended in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells

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cytosol

Back 2

semi fluid portion of the cytoplasm

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nucleoid

Back 3

a dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell

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cytoplasm

Back 4

entire contents of a cell, exclusive of the nucleus and bounded by the plasma membrane

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plasma membrane

Back 5

membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier, thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition

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nulcear lamina

Back 6

netlike array of protein filaments that maintains the shape of the nucleus

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chromosomes

Back 7

threadlike, gene-carrying structure found in the nucleus.

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chromatin

Back 8

complex of DNA & proteins that makes up eukaryotic chromosone

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ribosomes

Back 9

cell organelle constructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis; consists of rRNA and protein molecules

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ER

Back 10

extensive membranous network in eukaryotic cells, continuous w/ outer nuclear membrane and either rough or smooth

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glycoprotein

Back 11

proteins w/ carbohydrates covalently bonded

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transport vesicles

Back 12

tiny membranous sac in a cell's cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by the cell

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golgi apparatus

Back 13

organelle of stacks of flat membranous sacs that modify, store, and route products of the ER

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lysosome

Back 14

membrane enclosed sac of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells

Front 15

phagocytosis

Back 15

type of endocytosis involving large particular substances accomplished mainly by macrophages

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tonoplast

Back 16

membrane that encloses the central vacuole in a plant cell separating the cytosol from the from the vacuolar substances contents

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mitochondria

Back 17

organelles in eukaryotic cells that serve as the site of cellular respiration

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chloroplast

Back 18

organelle in plant cells & photosynthetic protists that absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water

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peroxisome

Back 19

microbody containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide

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cristae

Back 20

an infolding of the inner membrane of a mitochondria that houses the electron transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP

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mitochondrial matrix

Back 21

compartment of the mitochondrion enclosed by the inner membrane and containing enzymes and substrates for the Krebs cycle

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plastids

Back 22

plant organelle family including chloroplasts, amyloplasts, & chromoplasts

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thylakoid

Back 23

flattened membrane sac inside chloroplast, used to convert light energy to chemical energy

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stroma

Back 24

fluid of chloroplast surrounding thylakoid membrane

Front 25

granum

Back 25

stacked portion of the thylakoid membrane in the chloroplast; function in light reactions of photosynthesis

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cytoskeleton

Back 26

network of microfilaments and intermidiate filaments that branch throughout the cytoplasm and serve a variety of of mechanical and transport functions

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extracellular matrix

Back 27

substance in which animal tissue cells are embedded consisting of proteins and polysaccharides

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cell wall

Back 28

only in plants

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primary cell wall

Back 29

relatively thin layer and flexible layer first secreted by a young cell plant

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middle lamella

Back 30

thin layer between adjactent primary cell walls of plant cells rich in sticky pectin

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collagen

Back 31

glycoprotein in the ECM of animal cells that forms strong fibers, found extensively in connective tissue and bone

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proteoglycan

Back 32

glycoprotein in ECM of animal cells; rich in carbs

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plasmodesmata

Back 33

open channel in the cell wall of plant through which strands of cytosol connect from an adjacent cell

Front 34

gap junctions

Back 34

type of intercellular junction in animal cells that allows the passage of material or current between cells

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desmosomes

Back 35

intercellular junction that functions as a junction; animal cell

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tight junctions

Back 36

type of cellular junction in animal cells that prevents the leakage of material between cells

Front 37

exocytosis

Back 37

cellular secretion of macromolecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane

Front 38

endocytosis

Back 38

cellular uptake of macromolecules and particular substances by localized regions of the plasma membrane that surround the substance and pinch off to form intracellular vesicles