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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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TSA |
Trypyic Soy Agar, broth-soy based plate |
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EMB |
Eosin Methylene Blue, selectively stains for gram negative bacteria |
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MSA |
Manitol Salt Agar, grows hardy bacteria that can survive on salt which is known to kill many living things. |
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Alcohols |
R-OH |
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Esthers |
R-O-R |
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Aldehydes |
R-COH |
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Ketones |
R-CO-R |
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Carboxylic Acid |
R-COOH |
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Esters |
R-COO-R |
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Amines |
R-NH2 |
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Halogen |
Second to last row of periodic table |
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Halogen Naming |
Fluorides, Chlorides, Bromides, Iodides Name the molecule as normal but add the prefix Fluoro, Chloro, Bromo, or Iodo |
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Alcohol Naming |
R-OH, Normal except add an -ol suffix |
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Esthers |
R-O-R, name the two R groups with -yl endings, end name in -ether |
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Aldehydes |
R-COH. A carbon to a double oxygen bond with a hydrogen at the end. Name as normal but add -al as a sufficient. Do not use as suffix for non-carbon based bonds. |
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Ketones |
R-CO-R. A carbon to oxygen double bond but in the center of a hydrocarbon. -one ending. |
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Carboxylic Acid |
Carbon double bond w/ the same carbon bonded to an OH group. -anoic acid ending. |
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Cyclo |
Prefix for the beginning of a ring |
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Esters |
Carbon to oxygen double bond with a carbon to oxygen single bonded to another single bonded carbon. Name by giving short branch -yl suffix and long branch -anote. |
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Amines |
Name the R group with -yl endings and add the word amine |
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Four Types of Bacteria |
Cocci, Streptococci, Staphylo, Diplo |
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Antibiotics |
Kill bacteria. Mention this in that one question you know the one. |
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Catalase Test |
A test used to detect the presence of the enzyme catalase in bacteria. Catalase serves to neutralize bacterial effects of hydrogen peroxide. |
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Methyl Red |
Metabolic test run used to determine what kind of fermentation pathway used. |
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Secondary Messengere |
Small, non-protein based molecules or ions that carry the signal to target organelle. |
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cAMP |
Adenozene Mono Phosphate. Acts as secondary messenger. |
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Cyclic AMP |
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Calcium Ions |
Common secondary messenger. |
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Protein Phosphorylation Cascade |
A series of proteins called kinase add a phosphate to the next protein in line, activating it and sending the signal to the target. |
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Steps to Protein Phosphorylation Cascade |
1. Relay molecule activates inactive protein kinase 1, turning it into active protein kinase 1. 2. Active protein kinase 1 transfers phosphate from its ATP to inactive molecule or protein kinase, activating it. 3. Active protein kinase 2 catalyzes (speeds up) the Phosphorylation of protein kinase 3. 4. Active protein kinase finally phosphorylates a protein that will bring about the cell's response to the signal given off. 5. Enzymes called protein-phosphates catalyze the removal of phosphate groups from the active proteins, making them inactive and available for reuse. |
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Enhancers |
Transcription factors that increase the rate of the process |
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Inhibitors |
Transcription factors that block transcription |
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Hormones |
Induce transcription. Once inside the cell, the hormone attaches to a protein that takes it into thee muscle where transcription can be stimulated. |
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Termination of response |
Reversal of ligand binding. Once the signal is degraded or released, the response will end. |
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G Protein Signalling |
1. Signalling molecule + inactive g protein bind to a coupled receptor 2. GTP is created, activating the g protein. 3. The receptor moves across the membrane to |
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Electronegativity Chart |
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