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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The smallest unit of life is ____.
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a cell
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a ___ is the DNA sequence that is responsible for a protein while the ___ is the entire DNA of the orgamism.
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gene; genome
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which of the following is NOT a part of the ell theory?
a. all cells arise form preexisting cells. b. all organisms consisit of one or more cells. c. cell is the basic unit of structure for all orgamisms. d. all cells have a membrane bound nucleus. |
d. all cells have a membrane bound nucleus
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which of the following state,ents about microscopes is NOT true?
a. SEM is commonly used to obtain 3-D image of the specimen. b. both types of electron microscopes (TEM and SEM) use a beam of electrons. c. individuals atoms can be seen using confocal microscopy d. in the light microscope, specimen must be thin enough for the light to pass through. |
c. individual atoms can be seen using confocal microscopy.
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which of the following statements is true?
a. mutations are always harmful to an organism. b. mutation is essential for evolution to occur. c. mutation is the only source of genetic differences between parents and offspring in plants nd animals. d. mutation always leads to evolution. |
b. mutation is essential for evolution to occur.
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which two of the following organelles can be the evidence of a symbiotic relationship in which the eukaryote is believed to have engulfed bacterium for its survival?
a. mitochondrion b. chloroplast c. nucleus d. lysosome |
a. mitochondrion and b. chloroplast
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what is the three cellular structures or compartments that are found in all cells ( both prokaryotic and eucaryotic)
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ribosomes, plasma membrane, and cytosol
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what are surounded by a double membrane?
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nucleus and mitocondria
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what is the function of the golgi apporatus?
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modification of the protens produced in the cell
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which of the following features can be used to distinguish a wucaryotic cell from a procaryotic cell?
a. the presence of DNA b. the presence of a plasma membrane c. the presence of ribosomes d. the presence of a nucleus? |
d. the presence of a nucleus
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which of the following best matches the process to study with its model organism?
a. formation of the endoplasmic reticulum-E.coli b. effect of a mutagen of DNA replication- humans c. chloroplast function- arabidopsis d. development of cell wall- drosophila |
c. chloroplast function - arabidopsis
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which of the following elements is LEAST abundant in living organisms?
a. calcium b. carbon c. oxygen d. hydrogen |
a. calcium
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an inoic bond between two atoms is formed as a result of the _____.
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transfer of electrons from one atom to the other.
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Hydrogen in a water molecule can form a hydrogen bond with _____.
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nitrogen or oxygen
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which of the following statements about macromolecules are correct?
a. protein has two termini, N and C, and N termnus is the growng end where new amino acid is added. b. starch is a macromolecule for long-term storage of amino acids in animals. c. phospholipid forms the structural basis of all cells membranes. d. nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides linked by peptide bonds. |
c. phospholipid forms the structural basis of all cell membranes.
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an example of a purine base is ____; an example of a pyrimidine base is ___.
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adenine; cytosine
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which of the following statements about nucleic acids and cucleotides are not correct?
a. DNA is double stranded while RNA is single-stranded. b. DNA contains ribose as its sugar component. c. ATP contains three phosphates linked by hgh-energy bond. d. purines have a double-ringed structure. |
b. DNS contains ribose as its sugar component.
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which of the following can represent the amino acids' group with non-polar side chains?
a. Pro, Ser, Met b. Lys, Arg, His c. Asn, Tyr, Phe d. Ala, Val, Ile |
d. Ala, Val, Ile
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which of the following statements about "glutamine" is not correct?
a. its one letter abbreviation is Q b. its three letter abbreviation is Gln. c. it belongs to the same group as Arg and Lys d. It contains -NH2 (amino) group. |
c. it belongs to the same group as Arg and Lys.
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acidic compounds can ___ when in an aqueous solution.
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donate protons
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which of the follwoing does not contribute to the conformation of a macromolecule or interactions between macromolcules?
a. covalent bonds b. ionic bonds c. van der Waals attractions d. hydrogen bonds |
a. covalent bonds
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the process by which food is broken down into small molecules is ____, and the process by which many large molecules are synthesized from building blocks is ___.
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catabolism; anabolism
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which of the following statements about macromolecules are correct?
a. the hydrophobic tails of phospholipid molecules are attracted to water. b. DNA contains the four different A, G, U, C. c. nucleic acids contain sugar groups. d. li[ids can assemble into bilayers by covalent bonds. |
c. nucleic acids contain sugar groups.
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which of the following statements about " the law of thermodynamics" are not correct?
a. in an isolated system, the total entropy always decreases. b. entropy is the degree of disorder c. the total amount of the energy in the unicers is conserved d. energy can be converted from one form to another |
a. in an isolated system, the total entrop always decreased.
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in a chemical reaction, a reduction of an organic molecule occurs when ____.
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its number of C-H bond increases
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in which of the following, the atom in bold undergo an oxidation?
a. Cl->Cl b. CH2=CH2->CH3CH3 c. Fe3+->Fe2+ d. CH4->CH3OH |
d. CH4->CH3OH
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Energeticall favorable reactions are those that ____.
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ha a negative delta G
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a common means of providing energy to an energetically unfavorable reaction in a cell is by ____.
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coupling it with an energeticall favorable reaction
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which of the follwoing are activated carriers that are actually carrying stored energy?
a. ATP and ADP b. NADH and NADPH c. ATP ans NAD+ d. NAD+ and NADP+ |
b. NADH and NADPH
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the point where the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal, ao that the ratio of reactant to product remains constant is called ____.
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equilibrium
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(T,F) the hereditar information of a cell is passed on by its proteins.
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false
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(T,F) mitochondir are found in aerobic procaryotes.
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false
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(T,F) plants are compsed of eucaryotic cells
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true
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(T,F) hydrogen atom has one proton, but no neutron.
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true
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(T,F) an atom whose outermoset electron shell is entirely filled is chemically unreactive.
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true
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(T,F) hydrogen bonds are weak covalent bonds that are easily disrupted by heat
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false
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(T,F) some activated carrier molecules can transfer energy and chemical groups
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true
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(T,F)enzyme can lower delta G of the reaction it catalyzes.
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false
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(T,F) condensation reaction require the addition of a water molecule to form a covalent bond between monomers.
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false
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(T,F)if oxidation occur in a reaction, it must be accompanies by a reduction
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true
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a carbon atom conatins six protons and six neutons.
a. what is its atomic number? b. what is its atomic weight? c. how many electrons does it have? d. what is its valence? e. carbon with an atomic weight of 14 is radioactive. How many protons and neutrons will the isotope 14C have? |
a. 6
b. 12 c. 6 d. 4 e. protons=6, neutrons=8 |
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which of the following statements concerning procaryotes are ture?
a. they have no nucleus and hence no DNA b. they have no golgi apparatus c. they can form simple multicellualr organisms d. they include bacteria, yeast, and protosoans. |
b. they have no golgi apparatus
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the specialized cell types in the body of a multicellular organism are different from each other chiefly because _____.
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different genes are switch on (expressed) in different cell types
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given what you know about the differences between procaryotic cells and eucaryotic cells, E. coli can by used as a good model organism to study _____.
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DNA replication
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which of the following statements about hydrogen bonds are true?
a. they are weak covalent bonds that are easily disrupted by heat. b. they are weak bonds formed between hyrocarbons in water. c. they are weak bonds formed between nonpolar groups d. they are weak bonds involved in maintaining the conformation of macromolecules. |
d. they are weak bonds invovled in maintaining the conformation of macromolecules.
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which of the following statements about "tryosine" is not correct?
a. its one letter abbreviation is Y. b. it belongs to uncharged, polar amino acid group c. it contains -OH group d. Gly, Ile, Cys are the amino acids belonging to the same group as tyrosine. |
d. Gly, Ile, Cys are the amino acids belonging to the same group as tyrosine.
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what are the chemical groups names listed below?
a. -OH b. -C=O c. -COOH d. -CH3 e. -NH2 |
a. hydroxyl group
b. carbonyl group c. carboxyl group d. methyl group e. amino group |
