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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the backbone of a triglyceride
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glycerol
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ldl
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low density lipoprotein
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a fat that is rarely found in nature
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trans fats
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saturated fats has a ___ bond
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single
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animal fat, dairy products, coconut oil, chocolate are examples of
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saturated fat
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trans fat=
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unsaturated fat
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smokers, alcoholics, and obese people are people with high
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LDL levels
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trans fats are a type of fatty acid with a trans ____bond
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double
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excessive consumption of ____lead to diabetes
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carbs
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what has lower blood glucose and pancreatic beta cells
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insulin
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what has an increase in blood glucose and pancreatic alpha cells
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glucagon
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insulin is composed of ____ ___
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amino acids
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what is the ability of food to increase blood glucose levels?
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glycemic index (related is insulin index)
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glucoengenesis is a process to convert excess protein into ___
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glucose
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the measurement of how different carbs is able to trigger blood sugar (glucose) level is_____
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glycemic index
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what blood pressure is when the heart contracts
(normal range- 90-120 mmHgs) |
systolic
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what blood pressure is when the heart relaxes
(normal range-60-80 mmHgs) |
diastolic
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restriction of blood flow
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ischemia
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protein, complex carbs, fatty acids and simple carbs are ___
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macronutrients
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early humans had a ____diet and consumed a lot of fruit supplemented with animal proteins
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vegetarian
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scavengers had a ____ diet which increased their intake of animal proteins
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omnivorous
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hunter-gatherers extracted ____ which had a lot of saturated fat
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bone marrow
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the deficiency of ______ had caused many health problems for early sea farers (pirates)
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vitamin c
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many milk food products and supplemented products had _____ to prevent rickets
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vitamin d
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human required 10 essential _____ in their diet
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amino acids
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phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride ions, magnesium, and sulfur are
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macro minerals
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common methods of ______ are freezing, heating, acidification, or chemical preference
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food preservatives
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lance armstrong is tested to have a____ max of 80 which is remarkable for even an elite athlete
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VO2
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VO2 max is the measurement of amount of oxygen uptake at _____
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maximum work output
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what is the average VO2 for 18 year olds
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male 45
female 38 |
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what is the hearts function
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distribute blood to every cell in the body (involuntary cardiac muscle)
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what is the total surface area of a human lung?
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70 m2
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red blood cells are __% of body cells
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25%
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how often do RBC circulate?
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every 20 seconds
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what is 270 million per red blood cell
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hemoglobin
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erythropoiten is a hormone that can increase ____
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red blood cells
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the smallest units of the lung that are responsible for oxygen intake _____
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alveoli
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physical obstruction of respiratory tract, microbial infections, cigarette smoking and genetic factors are all factor affecting what?
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cardiorespiratory fitness
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chronic exposure to hydrogen cynide and carbon monoxide in cigarette smoking leads to _____
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emphysema
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____are the only cells in the human body that need a constant supply of energy
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nerve cells
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lance armstrong has a ____ less than 35
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resting pulse rate
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the purpose of hemoglobin is to transport
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oxygen
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The volume of blood pumped per stroke is known as ____
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heart capacity
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Hydrogen atoms are ____ during the process of aerobic respiration
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removed
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The most profound changes in appetite are caused by __
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psychological disorders
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lance armstrong has exceptionally long ____ for his height, which gives him extra force when he pedals
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femurs
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The normal resting heart rate for a person is ____
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70-80
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aerobic/anaerobic respiration produces ______/_____ ATP molecules
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36/2
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glucose is the product of photosynthesis from the joining of_____ with carbon dioxide
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hydrogen
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the __ hypothesis states that in hunter-gatherer populations, binge eating may be advantageous because it helps people to accumulate fat for times when food is not available.
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thrifty gene
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per unit weight,_____ contain more calories than any other biological molecules
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fat molecules
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vincent caselli’s battle with obesity began when he was in his
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20's
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