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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cytology
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Branch of Biology that studies cell and their parts
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Robert Hooke
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1665= discovered cells in cork and named them after the rooms in a monestary; blocks linked together like legos
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Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
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1st to describe living, moving cells; swimming in water, tooth plaque; 1st to see blood cells
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Dujardin
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1800's French Biologist; tried to repeat Hooke's experiment but discovered major difference= his cells had live material inside; named it Protoplasm
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2 German Scientists
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Schleiden= botanist
Schwann= Zoologist looked at every creature they could in a microscope; always found cells as building blocks |
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Virchow
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3rd Scientist mid 1800's= pathologist- studies disease; very interested in tumor development; watched tumors in microscopes; conclusion= always started with a single cell that copied into a pile and spread
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What 3 scientists helped write the Cell Theory?
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Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow
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What is the Cell Theory?
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2 principles:
1)all living things are made of cells as building blocks 2)all cells come from parent cells by normal reproduction |
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What are the six characteristics of life?
Hint: Hungry Corey Eats Oranges Growing Rapidly |
Homeostasis
Cells Energy Organization Growth Reproduction |
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Cells:
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building blocks (different shapes and sizes)
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How are plant cells arranged?
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very neat and organized; tiny parts that do particular jobs
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What are the basic things in a plant cell? (5)
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organelles, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus
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What are the 2 types of cells?
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Plant=cell wall, little movement; autotroph
Animal= only membrane, lots of movement; heterotroph |
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Energy:
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getting and using food
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Homeostasis:
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various activities that rebalance a creature; drinking then peeing
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Growth:
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add stuff; cell parts control raw materials and can construct parts
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Reproduction:
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make new identical cell; division or sex
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Cell Wall (J&S)
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job: to support and protect plant cells
structure: pick correct materials (cellulose), add hardener |
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What is a membrane made of?
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2 layers of protein globs, 1 layer of lipids (fat)
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What is the job of a membrane?
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to control what goes in and out of the cell (selectively permiable)
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What types of cells have a membrane?
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ALL cells have membranes
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What do the tiny pores only let in?
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tiny molecules= H2O, O, sometimes carbon monoxide sneaks in :(
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What do cells use as a general building material?
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cell membrane
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What does the Nucleus do?
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it controls the entire cell's activities and holds all of the DNA / info and shares it throughout the cell
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What does DNA stand for?
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Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid
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What do the Nucleolus do?
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copy sections of DNA/ found in the Nucleus
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What does the Endoplasmic Reticulum do?
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acts as a transportation device from the pores of the Nucleus to the pores of the Membrane
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What types of vacuoles are in Plant cells?
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water vacuoles
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What types of vacuoles are in Animal cells?
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Food vacuoles and contractile vacuoles
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What do autotrophs make and heterotrophs use
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energy
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what are the organelles in plants that make and store the food?
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chloroplasts
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what is the more specific name for the food chloroplasts make?
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glucose sugar
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What does the work that the organelles get credit for?
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enzymes :)
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Where do the enzymes :) "work"?
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in the Grana
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more Grana=...?
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more enzymes
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What is the process of turing light energy into glucose called?
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photosynthesis
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What types of cells have Mitochondria?
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All cells
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What are the work stations called where the Mitochondria enzymes work?
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Cristae
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what is storing the loose energy temporarily called?
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ATP
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When does cytoplasmic streaming occur?
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when the cell gets light (like sun light)
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What types of cells are Plastids in?
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Plant cells
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What are the 3 different types of membrane bags that hold various colors?
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chromoplasts (bright=red,yellow, orange), chloroplasts (green), leucoplasts (white)
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What do Ribosomes do?
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they follow the recipe sent from the Nucleus and make the protein
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What do Golgi Bodies do?
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store and later deliver proteins (warehouse)
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What are lysosomes?
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self destructive enzymes that destroy old body parts or the whole cell (tadpoles)
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Describe a tadpoles leg development
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has a tail then the lysosomes "self destruct" and eat the tail away then reuse the membrane material to make legs
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