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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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biodiversity
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variety of life
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species richness
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number of species in an area
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species diversity
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number of species AND relative number of individuals of each species
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genome
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the entire set of genetic material in a cell
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allele
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particular version of a gene: basis of biodiversity
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ecosystem
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nonliving environment(air, water, soil) and all organisms living in a particular area
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ecosystem services
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certain organisms take on certain tasks/services we we all can survive (provide oxygen, nitrogen, etc.)
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Darwin
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traveled to Galapagos on the BEAGLE and to south america
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Wallace
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traveled to southeast asia and AMAZON
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Natural Selection
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-parents pass characteristics to offspring
-not all individuals can survive and reproduce -some characteristics make individuals more likely to survive and reproduce |
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descent with modification
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tree-branching pattern
-evolution from a common ancestor -divergence of species through time |
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3 major pieces of evidence for evolution/specification
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1. fossil records
2. species on islands 3. direct observation of speciation (peppered moth colors) |
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standard deviation
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measure of variation in a population
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population variation
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basis of darwins ideas
-can make the link between cause and effect less than straightforward |
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stabilizing selection
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have most offspring, most common in stable envirnments
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directional selection
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change in environment, population mean shifts
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disruptive selection
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population diverges into 2 groups, producing 2 forms of life from one
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ecological niche
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particular set of environment conditions that occurs in each species
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competition species interaction
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both species suffer a cost from interaction
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mutualism species interaction
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both species benefit
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predation species interaction
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one species benefits and one suffers a cost
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community vs. ecosystem
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all species in an area vs. community plus nonliving environment
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disturbance
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results in ecological succession, high levels leads to low levels of diversity
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