Bio Chapter 7, Tour Of The Cell

Front 1

Selective barrier that allows for the passage of oxygen, wastes, and nutrients for the whole cell

Back 1

Plasma membrane

Front 2

Tiny organelles that make proteins

Back 2

Ribosomes

Front 3

where ribosomal rna is synthesized and assembled. densely stained granules and fibers

Back 3

nucleolus

Front 4

suspended in cytosol, synthesize proteins that function within cytosol

Back 4

free ribosomes

Front 5

attached to outside ER or nuclear envelope, synthesize proteins included in membranes or exported from cells

Back 5

bound ribosomes

Front 6

regulates protein traffic and performs metabolic functions in the cell, directly continuous or connected by transfer of vesicles

Back 6

endomembrane system

Front 7

Accounts for more than half the total membrane in many eukaryotic cells, Is continuous with the nuclear envelope, network of membranous tubules & sacs called cisternae

Back 7

endoplasmic reticulum

Front 8

synthesize lipids, steroids, phospholipids, detoxifies drugs, alcohol, stores calcium ions

Back 8

smooth ER

Front 9

produces secretory proteins, makes insulin, secretes glycoproteins that are carried out in vesicles, membrane factory

Back 9

rough ER

Front 10

manufacturing, warehousing, sorting, shipping, especially extensive in cells specialized for secretion. cis/trans, receives/gives rise to vesicles, products modified in that time

Back 10

golgi apparatus

Front 11

membrane-bound sac of hydrolytic enzymes used to digest macromolecules, work best in acidic environment, destroy cells when needed

Back 11

lysosomes

Front 12

pump excess water out of cell to maintain appropriate concentration of salts

Back 12

contracticle vacuole

Front 13

encloses vacuole, part of endomembrane system

Back 13

tonoplast

Front 14

site of cellular respiration, inner membrane of it has cristae which gives a large surface area that enhances productivity of cellular respiration, has its own DNA,
NOT part of endomembrane system

Back 14

mitochondria

Front 15

parts of ER

Back 15

ER, nucleus, nuclear envelope, transport vesicles, golgi apparatus, plasma membrane, vacuole, lysosome

Front 16

chloroplast

Back 16

contains own dna, 2 membranes each a phospholipid bilayer, enzymes embedded in each of membranes, plastid

Front 17

peroxisome

Back 17

specialized metabolic compartment bounded by single membrane, contains enzymes that transfer hydrogen to oxygen making hydrogen peroxide, stores catylase

Front 18

thickest of fibers, determine position of organelles, direct intracellular transport, help separate chromosome copies during cell division, made of tubulin

Back 18

microtubules

Front 19

centrosome

Back 19

microtubule-organizing center, where they grow out of, region near nucleus

Front 20

actin filaments, thinnest, important in cell motility, myosin/actin -> contraction of muscle cells

Back 20

microfilaments

Front 21

main function is to enable cells towithstand mechanical stress that occurs when cells are stretched, specialized for bearing tension, reinforce shape of cell, framework of cytoskeleton, anchor the cell membrane,

Back 21

intermediate filaments

Front 22

outside cells, where cells sit to hold themselves in place, important in movement, adhesion, regulation, support, main ingredients are glycoproteins, regulate cell behavior

Back 22

extracellular matrix

Front 23

serve as receptors, places for recognition, carbohydrate covalently bonded to a protein

Back 23

glycoprotein

Front 24

plasmodesmata

Back 24

channels between plant cells for water, solutes, hormones to pass, unifies most of plant into one living continuum