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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is hydrogen bonding?
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When the positive hydrogen of one molecule is attracted to the negative oxygen of an adjacent molecule.
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What is specific heat?
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the amount of heat a substance must absorb to increase 1 gram of the substance by 1°C.
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How does specific heat affect life on earth?
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Because water has a high specific heat, bodies of water resist changes in temperature and provide a stable environmental temperature for the organisms that live in them.
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List 4 characteristics of water.
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1. high specific heat
2. high heat of vaporization 3. is a universal solvent 4. exhibits strong cohesion tension |
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What role does high heat of vaporization of water play in the body?
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Because it take a relatively great amount of heat to evaporate water, sweat significantly cools the body surface.
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Why is water the universal solvent?
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Because it is highly polar and therefore dissolves all polar and ionic substances.
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Water "exhibits strong cohesion tension", what does this mean?
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water molecules tend to attract one another
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List 3 biological phenomena that result from strong cohesion tension of water.
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1. transpirational-pull cohesion - describes passive transport of water up a tree. For each molecule of water that evaporates from a leaf by transpiration, another molecule of water is drawn in at the root to replace it.
2. capillary action: results from combined forced of cohesion and adhesion. 3. surface tension: allows insects to walk on water without breaking the surface. |
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Why does ice float?
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because it is less dense than water
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How does floating ice affect the "spring overturn".
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In deep water, floating ice insulates the water below it, allowing fish and other organisms to live beneath the frozen surface in winter. In spring, the ice melts and becomes denser than water, sinking to the bottom of the lake and causing water to circulate throughout the lake. This allows oxygen from the surface to be returned to the depths, and nutrients released by the activities of bottom-dwelling bacter during winter are carried to the upper layers of the lake.
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