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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Homo
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A genus of hominins characterized by large brain size and dependence on culture as a means of adaptation.
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Homo Habilis
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A species of early Homo from Africa that lived between 2 million and 1.6 million years ago with a brain size roughly half that of modern humans and primitive postcranial skeleton.
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Oldowan tradition
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The oldest known stone tool culture
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Homo rudolfensis
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A species of early Homo from Africa that had somewhat larger brain than habilis but larger back teeth and a broader face
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Endocast
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A cast of the interior of the brain case used in analyzing brain size and structure
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Homo
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A genus of hominins characterized by large brain size and dependence on culture as a means of adaptation.
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Homo Habilis
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A species of early Homo from Africa that lived between 2 million and 1.6 million years ago with a brain size roughly half that of modern humans and primitive postcranial skeleton.
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Oldowan tradition
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The oldest known stone tool culture
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Homo rudolfensis
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A species of early Homo from Africa that had somewhat larger brain than habilis but larger back teeth and a broader face
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Endocast
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A cast of the interior of the brain case used in analyzing brain size and structure
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Homo ergaster
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could be part of the homo erectus
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Acheulian tradition
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the stone tool culture that appeared first with homo erectus and was characterized by the development of hand axes and bifaced tools
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Biface
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a stone tool with both sides worked, producing greater symmetry and efficiency
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Homo floresiensis
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The dwarf like hominin that lived in Indonesia in recent times
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island dwarfism
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the process that natural selection favors smaller body size on an island due to limited resources
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Middle Pleistocene
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A geological stage of the Pleistocene epoch from 781,00-125,00 years ago
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Homo heidelbergensis
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A species with brain size near modern humans but larger less modern face that lived in Africa, Europe, and Asia
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Levallois Technique
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A method of making stone tools in which a stone core is prepared in such a way that finished tools can be removed from it by a final blow
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Neanderthals
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a population that lived in Europe and the Middle East about 130,000-28,000 years ago
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Occipital bun
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the protruding rear region of the skull, found in Neanderthals
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Mousterian Tradition
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The prepared stone tool culture of the Neanderthals
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What is the order of Homo?
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Homo Habilis, Homo rudolf, H ergaster, H erectus, H florensis, H sapiens
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What did the evolution of the genus Homo involve?
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Increase in brain size, a reduction in face and teeth size, and increased tool use and culture.
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What is the reason for the reduction in brow ridge?
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Changes in diet reduced the amount of force needed from the back teeth, and increased the usefulness of incisors as tools
-Changes in brain size changed the orientation of the neck and chewing muscles |
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Acheulian tradition
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1.4 mya, this new type of stone tool technology appeared
-consisted of bifaced tools, requires greater skill to manufacture |
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What are some reasons for difference in tool technology in Asia or African populations of homo Erectus?
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It could have been made of bamboo or other perishable material. Or if H erectus arrived in Asia 1.7 mya, then it could have been before the invention of Acheulian tools
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Archaic Homo sapiens evolved when?
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40,000 years ago, in African, Asia, Europe
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What are some archaic homo sapiens characteristics?
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roughly the same size brains as current homo sapiens,have low skull,sloping forehead, have larger faces and teeth than moderns, and no chin.
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What do moderns have?
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-High skull, vertical forehead, chins, muscular and thicker skulls
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When did Neanderthals live? And where?
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Lived 125,000-35,000 ya. In Europe
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Neanderthals vs. Archaics
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Neanderthals had more protruding faces than other archaics
-Nasal region was large due to adaptation of living in cold environment -Have occipital bun because of posterior brain growth |
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Mousterian Tools
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produces sharp symmetric tools, skilled able tool makers are require, be able to visualize final form
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What were the Neanderthals first to do?
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bury their dead
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Did archaic homo sapiens have language ability?
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They could not make some vowel sounds, comes from hynoid bone evidence
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