Bio Chap 1

Front 1

8 characteristics of life

Back 1

Cells, organization, reproduce, energy, respond, change throughout time, homeostasis, grow

Front 2

Cell

Back 2

Basic unit of life, smallest considered living

Front 3

Multicellular

Back 3

More than one cell

Front 4

Unicellular

Back 4

One cell

Front 5

Prokaryotic

Back 5

No nucleus (bacteria)

Front 6

Eukaryotic

Back 6

Do have a nucleus

Front 7

Tissue

Back 7

Group of cells w/ similar abilities, allow an organ to function

Front 8

Organ

Back 8

Structure made of a group of tissues that carry out a job w/in organ system

Front 9

Organ system

Back 9

A group of organs working together to carry out a function within an organism

Front 10

Stimulus

Back 10

An event that evokes a response in a living organism, physical or chemical change, internal or external environment

Front 11

Response

Back 11

The direct reaction caused by the stimulus

Front 12

Homeostasis

Back 12

Stable internal environment​ that the body strives to maintain

Front 13

Metabolism

Back 13

The breakdown of nutrients to create energy

Front 14

Autotroph

Back 14

Create own energy

Front 15

Heterotroph

Back 15

Gain energy through metabolism (consumer)

Front 16

Photosynthesis

Back 16

Sunlight converted into energy

Front 17

Growth

Back 17

Cell division and development (enlargement)

Front 18

DNA

Back 18

Heredity info, what is transferred during sexual reproduction

Front 19

Gene

Back 19

A trait, short segment of DNA containing genetic code for one trait

Front 20

Sexual reproduction

Back 20

Takes 2 organisms

Front 21

Asexual reproduction

Back 21

Only one cell or organism

Front 22

Zygote

Back 22

First cell of a multicellular organism

Front 23

Evolution

Back 23

Change over generations, whole species

Front 24

Adaptation

Back 24

Change in a living organism to adjust. Individual

Front 25

Natural selection

Back 25

Organisms w/ certain traits have higher chance to live and reproduce successfully

Front 26

Where does all life's energy ultimately come from?

Back 26

The sun

Front 27

Biology

Back 27

The study of life

Front 28

Kingdom

Back 28

6 divisions of all living things

Front 29

Domain

Back 29

3 major subdivisions of all living things

Front 30

Organelles

Back 30

W/in cells, structures that carry out certain functions so the cell can live

Front 31

Biological molecule (molecule)

Back 31

W/in organelles, chemical compounds providing structure for movement and energy

Front 32

What are the 6 kingdoms

Back 32

Animalia, plantae, fungi, protista, archaea, bacteria

Front 33

What are the 3 domains

Back 33

Bacteria, archaea, eukarya

Front 34

2 examples of a heterotroph

Back 34

Bacteria , human

Front 35

What are the 11 steps of scientific method?

Back 35

1- make observations

2-ask a question/state the problem

3-research and gather info

4-make a hypothesis

5-design an experiment (control etc.)

6-perform experiment

7-make observations again (lab data)

8-record data

9-organize data in graphs

10-make a conclusion

11-share

Front 36

Qualitative data

Back 36

Words

Front 37

Quantitative

Back 37

Numbers

Front 38

Hypothesis

Back 38

A prediction

Front 39

Independent variable

Back 39

Only one, what the experimenter changes

Front 40

Dependent variable

Back 40

What you measure, effected by independent variable

Front 41

Control group

Back 41

Normal condition, used to compare

Front 42

Experimental group

Back 42

Changed condition

Front 43

Constants

Back 43

Variables that stay the same

Front 44

Inference

Back 44

Making a conclusion based on previous knowledge not observation

Front 45

Bias

Back 45

Letting what you think influence data/experiment

Front 46

Observation

Back 46

Using your senses to collect data

Front 47

How do you fix bias?

Back 47

Do multiple trials, use more sources when researching

Front 48

Metric in order

Back 48

Tera, 3 giga, 3 mega, 3 kilo, hecto, deka, base, deci, centi, milli, 3 micro, 3 nano, 3 Pico

Front 49

What are the 2 kinds of diaphram? What is the difference? What are they used for?

Back 49

Disk diaphragm, iris diaphram. They look different. To control the about of light.

Front 50

Biochemistry

Back 50

Chemicals of life

Front 51

Botany

Back 51

Plants

Front 52

Genetics

Back 52

Heredity

Front 53

Pathology

Back 53

Diseases

Front 54

Histology

Back 54

Tissues

Front 55

Taxonomy

Back 55

Classification or scientific naming

Front 56

Anatomy

Back 56

Structure of organisms

Front 57

Cytology

Back 57

Study of cells

Front 58

Paleontology

Back 58

Fossils

Front 59

Microbiology

Back 59

Very small organisms that must be magnified in order to study them

Front 60

Ecology

Back 60

The relationship between living things and their environment

Front 61

Zoology

Back 61

The study of all animals

Front 62

Exobiology

Back 62

Possible extraterrestrial live

Front 63

Anthropology

Back 63

Mans cultural habits

Front 64

Biology

Back 64

All living organisms

Front 65

Physiology

Back 65

Function of living things

Front 66

What is another name for the metric system? Abbreviation?

Back 66

SI or international system

Front 67

What are two reasons scientists use the metric or si system

Back 67

Easy conversion rate of 10 and it's known internationally

Front 68

What are the advantages to the light microscope? Disadvantages?

Back 68

Adv: Better/higher resolution, can be used on living organism, control the amount of light dis: less magnification

Front 69

What are advantages of an electron microscope? Disadvantages?

Back 69

Adv: more magnification, can see inside 2d or outside 3d images disadvantages: less resolution, can not be living

Front 70

What are the two EMs? (electron microscopes) what kind of image do they produce? How do they work? Highest Mag.?

Back 70

SEM: Scanning, 3D of the outside, coat of metal-beam of electrons-project onto fluorescent screen,100,000x

TEM: Transmission, 2D of the inside, cut into thin slice-beam of electrons transmitted through the specimen-magnetic lenses enlarge onto a photographic plate or screen, 200,000x

Front 71

Why are EMs (electron microscope) often seen in color?

Back 71

Scientists add artificial colors with a computer

Front 72

What are the two LMs (light microscopes)? Why?

Back 72

SLM: single: one lense

CLM: compound: multiple lenses

Front 73

Who discovered the SLM? CLM?

Back 73

SLM: early romans

CLM: Jansens

Front 74

How do you properly Carry a microscope?

Back 74

Hold by arm, hand on base

Front 75

How do you properly clean microscope lenses?

Back 75

In a circular motion with lense paper

Front 76

How do you find the total magnification of a microscope? What is the typical ocular magnification?

Back 76

Ocular x objective = total. 10x

Front 77

What are the two reproductions? What do they involve? Example?

Back 77

Asexual: one organism. Genetic replica of parent. Bacteria

Sexual: two organisms sharing DNA. Combination of parents. Animals and plants

Front 78

Why do all organisms need energy?

Back 78

To carry out the characteristics of life

Front 79

What is the piece on a microscope that rotates the objectives?

Back 79

Nosepeice

Front 80

What part of the microscope hold the eyepiece or ocular in place?

Back 80

Body tube

Front 81

What are 3 scientific terms to describe a human?

Back 81

Multicellular heterotrophic eukaryote

Front 82

What are 3 words to describe bacteria?

Back 82

Unicellular heterotrophic prokaryote

Front 83

How does growth in organisms occur?

Back 83

Cell division and enlargement (development)

Front 84

What is an example of homeostasis?

Back 84

Body temperature, blood pressure, water levels, etc

Front 85

Microscope

Back 85

Instrument used to see small things

Front 86

Mass

Back 86

Amount of matter

Front 87

Volume

Back 87

Amount of space

Front 88

Length

Back 88

Distance between 2 points

Front 89

Time

Back 89

Interval between 2 events

Front 90

Temperature

Back 90

Average kinetic energy of molecules

Front 91

Density

Back 91

Mass/volume