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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is energy?
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Capacity to preform work
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What is Kinetic engery?
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Energy in motion
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What is Potential energy?
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Stored energy due to an object’s relative position
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What is Thermodynamics?
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Study of energy
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What is a Calorie?
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Heat required to raise temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius
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Oxidation
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occurs when an atom or molecule loses an electron.
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Reduction
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occurs when an atom or molecule gains an electron.
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Redox
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reactions occur because every electron that is lost by an atom through oxidation is gained by some other atom through reduction.
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First Law of Thermodynamics
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Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but only change form. During each conversion, some of the energy dissipates into the environment as heat. Heat is defined as the measure of the random motion of molecules.
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Second Law of Thermodynamics
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The disorder (entropy) in the universe is continuously increasing.Energy transformations proceed spontaneously to convert matter from a more ordered, less stable form, to a less ordered, more stable form.
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Free energy
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refers to the amount of energy actually available to break and subsequently form other chemical bonds.
Gibbs’ free energy (G) change in free energy G=H-TS G = Gibbs Free Energy H = Energy contained in bonds S = Energy unavailable due to entropy T = Absolute Temperature |
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Activation energy
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refers to the extra energy required to destabilize existing chemical bonds and initiate a chemical reaction.
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Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity
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Temperature and pH
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anabolism and catabolism
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reactions that expend energy and
reactions that harvest energy |
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feedback inhibition
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When the cell produces increasing quantities of a particular product, it automatically inhibits its ability to produce more.
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