Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Anaphase
|
a phase of mitosis and meiosis in which the chromosomes separate
|
|
|
asexual reproduction
|
the production of offspring that does not involve the union of gametes
|
|
|
autosome
|
a chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
|
|
|
binary fission
|
an asexual cell division of prokaryotes that produces identical offspring
|
|
|
cell cycle
|
the events of cell division
|
|
|
cell plate
|
a membrane that divides newly forming plant cells following mitosis
|
|
|
centriole
|
a structure that appears during mitosis in animal cells
|
|
|
centromere
|
a region of the chromosome where the two sister chromatids are held together and which is the site of attachment of the chromosome to the spindle fibers during mitosis
|
|
|
centrosome
|
a dark body containing a centriole in animal cells but not in plant cells
|
|
|
chromatid
|
one of two identical parts of a chromosome
|
|
|
cleavage furrow
|
the area of the cell membrane that pinches in and eventually separates the dividing cell
|
|
|
crossing
|
over
|
|
|
cytokinesis
|
the division of the cytoplasm of one cell into two new cells
|
|
|
diploid
|
a cell that contains both chromosomes of a homologous pair
|
|
|
genetic
|
recombination the new mixture of genetic material after crossing
|
|
|
G0 phase
|
a phase of the cell cycle in which the cell is not dividing and its DNA is not replicating
|
|
|
G1 phase
|
the first period of interphase, in which the cell doubles in size
|
|
|
G2 phase
|
the final period of interphase, in which the cell undergoes rapid growth and prepares for mitosis
|
|
|
Haploid
|
having only one chromosome of each homologous pair
|
|
|
Histone
|
a protein molecule that DNA wraps around during chromosome formation
|
|
|
homologous chromosome
|
one of a pair of morphologically similar chromosomes
|
|
|
independent assortment
|
during meiosis, the random distribution of genes from different chromosomes to the gametes
|
|
|
interphase
|
a period of cell growth and development that precedes eukaryotic cell nuclear division
|
|
|
karyotype
|
a picture of an individual’s chromosomes
|
|
|
kinetochore
|
a disk
|
|
|
meiosis
|
the process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a cell by half
|
|
|
metaphase
|
the second phase of mitosis, during which all the chromosomes move to the cell’s equator
|
|
|
mitosis
|
ukaryotic nuclear division
|
|
|
mitotic spindle
|
the array of spindle fibers that serve to divide the chromatids during nuclear division
|
|
|
M phase
|
mitosis
|
|
|
Oogenesis
|
the production of mature egg cells
|
|
|
polar body
|
one of two small cells produced and discarded during each of the two meiotic divisions that yield the haploid egg
|
|
|
polar fiber
|
fibers that extend across a dividing cell from centrosome to centrosome
|
|
|
prophase
|
the first stage of mitosis and meiosis, characterized by condensation of chromosomes
|
|
|
sex chromosome
|
a chromosome that determines sex
|
|
|
sexual reproduction
|
the production of offspring from the combination of genetic material from two parent organisms
|
|
|
spermatid
|
in meiosis, a haploid cell that develops into a mature sperm cell
|
|
|
spermatogenesis
|
the production of sperm cells
|
|
|
S phase
|
the second period of interphase during which replication of DNA occurs
|
|
|
spindle fiber
|
one of the microtubules that extend across a dividing eukaryotic cell
|
|
|
synapsis
|
the pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis
|
|
|
telophase
|
the final stage of mitosis during which a nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes
|
|
|
tetrad
|
a group of two homologous chromosomes during meiosis
|
