Bio Ch 4

Front 1

Passive Transport

Back 1

movement across the cell membrane that does not require energy from the cell

Front 2

Concentration Gradient

Back 2

A difference in the concentration of a substance across a space

Front 3

Equilibrium

Back 3

a condition in which the concentration of a substance is equal throughout a space

Front 4

Diffusion

Back 4

The movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration

Front 5

Osmosis

Back 5

The diffusion of water throughout a selectively permeable membrane

Front 6

Hypertonic Solution

Back 6

: A solution that causes a cell to shrink because of osmosis
More Water In Cell

Front 7

Hypotonic Solution

Back 7

A solution that causes a cell to swell because of osmosis
Less Water In Cell

Front 8

Isotonic Solution

Back 8

A solution that produces no change in cell volume because of osmosis

Front 9

Ion Channel

Back 9

transport protein with a polar pore through which ions can pass

Front 10

Carrier Proteins

Back 10

A kind of transport protein that can bind to a specific substance on one side of the cell membrane, carry the substance across the cell membrane and release it one the other side

Front 11

Facilitated Diffusion

Back 11

When carrier proteins are used to transport specific substances – such as amino acids and sugars down their concentration gradient

Front 12

Active Transport

Back 12

the transport of a substance across the cell membrane against its concentration gradient

Front 13

Sodium-Potassium Pump

Back 13

the carrier protein that transports three sodium ions out of cell and two potassium ions into a cell.

Front 14

Endocytosis

Back 14

The movement of a substance into a cell by a vesicle

Front 15

Exocytosis

Back 15

movement of a substance by a vesicle to the outside of a cell

Front 16

Receptor Protein

Back 16

A protein that binds to a specific signal molecule, enabling the cell to respond to the signal molecule