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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When did the planet form? |
Formed 4.6 billion years ago |
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What was early Earth like compared to today? |
1. The atmosphere included methane, ammonia, water, and hydrogen. 2. oxygen was not present. |
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What fossils were found that are the oldest? Give a date and time. |
1. Prokaryotic cells and merge in the Archaen era. 3.5 billion years ago. |
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How do we know that life probably is older than the fossils found? |
1. D fossils of today are similar to eukaryotic membrane components and may have come from a very early unicellular eukaryotes. But we do not know the origin of those organelles |
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Describe the four stage hypothesis for the origin of life. |
1. Abiotic synthesis of organic monomers 2. Abiotic synthesis of polymers 3. Origin of self-replicating molecules 4. Formation of pre-cells |
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Describe stage one of the four stage hypothesis for the origin of life. |
1. Abiotic synthesis of organic monomers - amino acids and nucleotides |
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Describe stage 2 of the four stage hypothesis for the origin of life. |
1. Abiotic synthesis of polymers - the joining of these monomers into micromolecules, proteins and nucleic acids |
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Describes stage 3 of the four stage hypothesis for the origin of life. |
1. Origin of self-replicating molecules - eventually made inheritance possible |
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Describe stage four of the four stage Hypothesis of the origin of life. |
1. formation of pre-cells - packing macromolecules into pre cells |
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What was Stanley Miller's experiment? |
1. Tested hypothesis about origin of life 2. Earth different atmosphere was likely a reducing one 3. Energy came from lightning, UV radiation could have synthesized simple organic compounds |
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What is the geologic record? |
1. A division of Earth's history and to eons, eras, periods, and epochs defined by major geological or biological events |
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When were the oldest prokaryotes found? |
- Archaea eon |
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When were the oldest eukaryotes found? |
-Proterozoic eon |
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Name 2 mass extinctions that are listed in your notes. |
1.Permian: mass extinction that killed 96% of marine species and many terrestrial species. Caused by volcanoes. 2. Cretaceous: mass extinction that killed more than 50% of marine species, many terrestrial species, and dinosaurs. Caused by asteroids. |
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What are some good consequences of mass extinctions? |
- can allow for species to invade involve in areas affected by mass extinction |
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What are some bad consequences of mass extinction? |
- decimate an ecological community |
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What do scientists mean by the sixth mass extinction? |
- the last 400 years, more than 1,000 species have become extinct. - scientists estimate that the current rate of extinction is 100 to 1000 times the typical background rate - dramatic action must be taken to stop this |
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List some characteristics that make us humans part of the primate group. |
1. Have grasping hands with opposable thumbs. 2. have flat nails instead of claws 3. Binocular vision, excellent depth perception 4. The brain is large by comparison with body size |
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what are some differences in human anatomy from other primates? (Include adaptations in the pelvic bones and skulls.) |
- bipedalism, the ability to walk upright. 1. Short arms and stronger leg bones. 2. Bowl shaped pelvis supports most of the weight of the body. 3. Brain size |
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List what is on a human cladogram. (Include other ancient humans.) |
1. Ardipithecus 2.Australopithecus 3.Paranthropus 4. Homo |
