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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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fertilization
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union of two cells. one made by male parent and other made by female parent
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sperm
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male gametes
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gametes
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reproductive cell; either unfertilized eg or sperm formed by meiosis.
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yolk
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in cytoplasm of egg cell; energy-rich collection of lipids and proteins, RNA molecules, ribosomes, mitochondria.
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zygote
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fertilized egg when sperm nucleus fuses with egg nucleus
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embryo
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organism in its earliest stages of development
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activation
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increase in cell respiration and protein synthesis that occurs in a newly formed zygote
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zygo-
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yoke, pair
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differentiation
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process which cells become specialized for a specific stucture and function via selective gene expression
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morphogenesis
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the forming of major organs and tissues of an embryo; development of the structure of an organism
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morph-
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form or shape
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genesis
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forming or creating
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cleavage
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pd of development where cells divide simultaniously
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blastula
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budlike ball of cells at the end of cleavage
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blast-
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bud
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gastrula
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three-layered cup-shaped embryonic stage
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primary germ layers
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three cell layers that form all the body's tissues
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endoderm
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inner layer; usually tube becomes digestive system
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mesoderm
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middle layer; produce skeleton, muscles, heart , blood, internal orgas
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body plan
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general shape of organism appearing during gastrulation
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notochord
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1st mesoderm becomes backbone
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gaster
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stomach or belly
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ecto-
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outer
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endo-
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inner
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meso-
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middle
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derma
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skin
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ectoderm
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outer layer; becomes skin and nervous system
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neural tube
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foundation of nerbous system that forms in embryo at gastrula stage
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larva
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feeding individual that looks nothing like the adult
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metamorphasis
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larva goes through series of changes that trasforms it into an adult
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segmentation
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division of the body into a number of similar sections
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homeotic genes
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direct the development of aimal body parts
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homeobox
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sequence of 180 dna base pairs; similar in all genes which it is found
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homeo-
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similar
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hox genes
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mouse genes for homeoboxes they contiain
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