Bio Cell Parts

Front 1

Cytoplasm

Back 1

Consists of everything within the cell membrane except the nucleus; contains cytosol, the fluid in which the organelles are suspended; has molecules used for building structures in the cell

Front 2

Cytoskeleton

Back 2

A system of fibers in the cytosol that helps maintain the cell shape and provides protein motors and a track to move the substance around the cell in a process called cytoplasmic streaming

Front 3

Capsule

Back 3

Found in bacteria outside the cell membrane and cell wall; protects the cell; contains water to keep the cell from drying out, often makes it feel slimy

Front 4

Nucleiod

Back 4

Found in prokaryotes; contain the genetic material for the cell; floats freely in the cytosol

Front 5

Flagellum

Back 5

Extension of the cytoskeleton; usually only one or a few on the cell; propels the cell through it’s environment using a protein motor

Front 6

Chloroplast

Back 6

A type of pigmented plastid; found in plants and algae; converts light energy from the sun into chemical energy

Front 7

Granum

Back 7

Found inside chloroplasts; made of stacks of thylakoids which contain the green pigment chlorophyll to carry out photosynthesis

Front 8

Ribosome

Back 8

Found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes because it’s not surrounded by a membrane; contains proteins and RNA; lines up amino acids to make proteins; either attached to the endoplasmic reticulum or floating in the cytosol

Front 9

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Back 9

Transport compounds around the cell and helps maintain the cell shape;is studded with ribosomes and processes and the proteins made by ribosomes

Front 10

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Back 10

Transport compounds around the cell and helps maintain the cells shape; processes fats and breaks down toxic substances in liver cells.

Front 11

Central vacuole

Back 11

Found mostly in plants; stores water, salt, sugar, and proteins; maintains turgor pressure (The water pressure inside the central vacuole that keeps the cell rigid)

Front 12

Leucoplast

Back 12

A type of colorless plastid; found in plants and algae; stores starches, lipids, and proteins

Front 13

Cell wall

Back 13

Found in plants, fungi, algae, and bacteria; provides strength in rigidity to the cells; contains pores so that materials can pass through it

Front 14

Nucleus

Back 14

Found in eukaryotes cells; control center of the cell; controls the actions of the cell and contains it’s genetic material

Front 15

Nucleolus

Back 15

Contains RNA and proteins; area of the nucleus where ribosomes are assembled

Front 16

Chromatin

Back 16

The genetic material of the nucleus; contains DNA, RNA, and proteins

Front 17

Lysosome

Back 17

A type of vacuole; found in humans, animals, an animal-like cells (protozoans); contains digestive enzymes that digest food, kill bacteria and viruses, and recycle old cell parts; moves to the cell membrane by cytoplasmic streaming to release waste outside the cell

Front 18

Lipid bilayer

Back 18

Lipids have a hydrophilic end and a hydrophobic end, so they arrange themselves into two layers — the hydrophilic end facing the watery environment inside and outside the cell, and hydrophobic and is facing each other to escape the water.

Front 19

Golgi apparatus

Back 19

Post office of the cell; receive substances from the ER and packages them into membrane sacs called vesicles; send vesicles either to places within the cell or to the cell membrane to deliver their cargo outside the cell

Front 20

Centrosome

Back 20

Foundin animal and human cells; builds parts for the cytoskeleton

Front 21

Lysosome

Back 21

A type of vacuole; found in humans, animals, an animal-like cells (protozoans); contains digestive enzymes that digest food, kill bacteria and viruses, and recycle old cell parts; moves to the cell membrane by cytoplasmic streaming to release waste outside the cell

Front 22

Centrosome

Back 22

Foundin animal and human cells; builds parts for the cytoskeleton

Front 23

Mitochondrion

Back 23

Powerhouse of the cell; transforms energy from sugars into usable energy for the cell; has an inner membrane that contains folds, allowing for more seface area to increase energy output and more proteins to be embedded in the membrane; may have many or few Cristae depending on how much energy is certain type of cell needs

Front 24

Lipid bilayer

Back 24

Lipids have a hydrophilic end and a hydrophobic end, so they arrange themselves into two layers — the hydrophilic end facing the watery environment inside and outside the cell, and hydrophobic and is facing each other to escape the water.

Front 25

Golgi apparatus

Back 25

Post office of the cell; receive substances from the ER and packages them into membrane sacs called vesicles; send vesicles either to places within the cell or to the cell membrane to deliver their cargo outside the cell

Front 26

Centrosome

Back 26

Foundin animal and human cells; builds parts for the cytoskeleton

Front 27

Mitochondrion

Back 27

Powerhouse of the cell; transforms energy from sugars into usable energy for the cell; has an inner membrane that contains folds, allowing for more seface area to increase energy output and more proteins to be embedded in the membrane; may have many or few Cristae depending on how much energy is certain type of cell needs

Front 28

Cell membrane

Back 28

Surrounds each cell of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes; protects the cell and allows certain materials to move through it; contains proteins that perform several different functions for the cell

Front 29

Cilia

Back 29

Extension of the cytoskeleton; often covers an entire cell or a portion of a cell; shorter than flagella; propel the cell through its environment; move particles past the cell, such as moving mucus out of the lungs, into the throat, and down to the stomach