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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cofactor |
inorganic |
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coenzyme |
organic ie biotin, vit c |
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second law of mendal |
law of independent assortment: different traits separate independently |
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1st law of mendel |
law of segregation alleles segregate independent |
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Muscle slow twitch characteristics |
oxygen rich red color |
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Fast Twitch muscle |
non-oxidative, fast to fatigue, white in color |
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collection of animals and plants that live in specific habatat |
community |
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skin bottom to top |
Stratum Basal, stratum spinosum stratum granulosom, stratum lucidium stratum corneum |
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Stratum Basal, stratum spinosum stratum granulosom, stratum lucidium stratum corneum |
a. Stratum basale (stratum germinativum)—deepest layer
i. Single layer of mitotically active cells ii. Give rise to keratinocytes (youngest) iii. Includes melanocytes and some Merkel cellsb.
Stratum spinosum (Prickly layer)—weblike network of cells formed by intermediate filaments attached to desmosomes i. Comprised of keratinocytes ii. Includes melanin granules and Langerhans cells c. Stratum granulosum—thick; 3-5 cell layers; keratinocytes are modified i. Flattened; nuclei and organelles lost ii. Keratohylaline and lamellated granules accumulateiii. Lamellated granules are glycoproteins, released into extracellular space, that reduce water lossiv. Cells more resistant to destructiond. Stratum lucidum—a few rows of clear, flattened, dead keratinocytes; layer occurs only in thick skini. Keratohyalin granules—gummy substance associated with keratin filamentsii. Cells aggregate in parallel arrays e. Stratum corneum (Horny layer)—outer most layer; most of epidermis thickness i. 20-30 cell layers thickii. Keratin, thickened plasma membranes and glycoproteins protect against abrasion and loss of wateriii. Cornified or horny cells—remnants of cells from this layer |
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ultrafiltration |
pass through semi mem filter |
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notochord gives rise too |
spinal column |
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neural tube gives rise to the |
spinal chord and the CNS |
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neural crest gives rise to |
the PNS |
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nueral channel |
is the groove that forms in the thickened ectodermal cell prior to neural tube formation |
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epithet |
species is also referred to as |
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clade |
group consisting of a common ancestor and all its descendants—representing a single "branch" on the "tree of life". |
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mosaic develop |
blastomere has limited develomet potency and forms a specific part of the embyo |
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regulative development |
potential to grow into complete embryo |
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commitment |
built in characteristic of cell that makes it follow a set development path |
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determination |
irreversible commitment to become a specific cell type |
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convection |
heat transfer driven by movement of fluids |
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conduction |
heat is transferred between matter |
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dissipation |
energy is lossed from system heat and raises the temp of system |
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radiation |
heat transfer from electomagnetic wave |
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evaporation |
changer in =to gaseous phase at surface |
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megakaryocyte |
type of bone marrow that produces thrombocytes or platelets |
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transgenics |
new genes introduced into into new organism i.r. insulin in ecoli |
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forward genetics |
introducing mutations via mutagents to discover function of a gene |
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transgenics |
insertion of new gene into an organisms genome via using transgencis |
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Law of Themodynamics |
delta E cannont be measured but its change can be measured |
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positive q in energy of system |
endothermic neg = exothermic |
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work ? when done onsytem or by system |
+w work done by system -w work done on system delta E= q + w w = -q V so - work - (-qV) thus = higher e and work added to system equates to additional energy |
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potential energy vs kinetic energy |
the amount storered vs the energy in motion |
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capacitation |
maturation of male .. while inside the female reproductive tract |
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ethology |
study of animal behavior |
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# of bones in a baby in an adult? |
270 206 |
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# of skeletal muscle vertebral bones |
~600 ~33 |
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Size of virus? ekaryote? DNA |
10-100nm; 10-100ym 1-10nm |
