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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cytology
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the study of cell structure
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Biochemistry
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study of molecules and chemical processes (metabolism) of cells
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Cell fractionation
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takes cells apart and separate the major organelles from one another (centrifuge)
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Hierarchy
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Organ, tissue, cell, molecule, atom (highest to lowest)
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Cells
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an organism's basic unit of structure and function
-lowest level of structure capable of performing all activities of life |
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Organisms
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open systems
-exchange energy and materials with surroundings -energy exchange inovovles transformation of energy from one form to another |
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Eukaryotic Cells
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-has a true nucleus
-region between nucleus and plasma membrane is cytoplasm |
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Prokaryotic Cells
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-DNA is concentrated in the nucleoid but no membrane separates this region from the rest of the cell
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Things Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells have in common
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-plasma membrane
-inside the plamsma membrane is a semifluid substance called the cytosol where organelles are found -carry chromosomes -have ribosomes |
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Plasma Membrane
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-held together by hydrophobic interactions, which are weaker than covalent bonds
• Composition -Lipids: phospholipids, main fabric of membrane -Phospholipid tails- interior of membrane-hydrophobic -Phospholipid heads- exterior- hydrophilic |
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Fluid Mosaic Model
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the membrane is a fluid structure with a “mosaic” of various proteins in the double layer (bilayer) of phospholipids
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carrier proteins
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hold on to their passengers and change shape in a way that shuttles them across the membrane
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