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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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main function of the Nervous system?
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to immediately detect changes in environment and adapt to maintain homeostasis
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CNS consists of________ and _______
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brain and spinal cord.
PNS |
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PNS neurons can be_________ (towards CNS) or_________ (away from CNS)
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afferent, efferent
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ANS has two branches – sympathetic (‘fight or flight’) and parasympathetic (‘relax time’) Give an example of each
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Sypathetic - Releases adrenaline when in crisis, increase breathing, heart rate.
Parasympathetic - slows everything back down to normal |
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nervous tissue = _______ + _________
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neurons + glia
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________ bring info in, _____ sends info out
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dendrites bring info in, axon sends info out
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action potential
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when a neuron ‘fires’, or sends a nerve impulse, it is called an action potential
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________are electrical currents sent down the length of the axon; ____________are released at tip
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APs are electrical currents sent down the length of the axon; neurotransmitters are released at tip
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a neuron’s charge on the inside is different than outside because of_____ and _____ ions
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a neuron’s charge on the inside is different than outside because of Na+ and K+ ions
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Why are some axons myelinated?
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axons are myelinated to help increase speed of action potentials
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myelin is made of ______________ and made by cells wrapped around the ___________
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myelin is made of phospholipids and made by cells wrapped around the axon
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Why can't brain and spinal cord damage be repaired?
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brain and spinal cord damage usually cannot be repaired because neurons cannot grow back
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damage to___________can sometimes be repaired
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motor neurons
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The brain
Four main parts: |
brain stem; cerebellum; diencephalon, cerebrum
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Name a function of the Brain stem
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regulates heart rate, breathing, blood pressure
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Name the parts of the Brain stem
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three parts: midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata
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Cerebellum
‐ two main functions |
‘muscle’ and ‘movement’
maintains muscles, posture and balance; fine‐tuning all motor signals sent by cerebrum and learning of motor skills |
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Diencephalon - Describe
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2‐part relay center that integrates sensory info and motor commands
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What reflexes are found in the Diencephalon?
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visual and auditory startle reflexes are here
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Name 2 parts of the Diencephalon
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thalamus and hypothalamus
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Cerebrum - Describe
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the central processing center
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Functions of the cerebrum
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connects with other parts of brain, involved in higher thought
processes (learning, memory, speech, etc.) |
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Physical features of the cerebrum
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gray matter and white matter
‐ two hemispheres and four lobes ‐ left hemisphere – more ‘logical’ thinking (speech, calculation, etc.) ‐ right hemisphere – facial recognition, emotional interpretation ‐ corpus callosum bridges both hemispheres, allows crosstalk |
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set of ____ cranial nerves extend from brain
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12
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____ pairs of spinal nerves extend from spinal cord
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31
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Identify
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Identify
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Identify
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