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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the levels of translational regulation?
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Global, gene-specific, or regulon-specific
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What is the most regulated step in translation?
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initiation
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True or False: Translational regulation often involves phosphorylation of iniation factors and sometimes ribosomal proteins
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True
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What are reticulocytes?
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precursors of erythrocytes that synthesize mainly hemoglobin
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What does hemoglobin consist of?
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heme cofactor and apoproteins alpha and beta
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What chemical stimulates production of reticulocytes? How?
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Phenylhydrazine. By destroying erythrocytes
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Why are rabbit reticulocytes used extensively for studying translation and its regulation?
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very active lysates can be prepared from reticulocytes. these lysates faithfully translate mRNA and respond to certain regulatory compounds (like heme). They are also low in ribonuclease activity
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How does heme availability regulate globin translation?
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1. In low heme, HCR(protein kinase) phosphorylates eIF2 alpha
2. Phosphorylated eIF2 binds more tightly to eIF2B, can't recycle, preventing the wasteful synthesis of globin |
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What are interferons? How do they repress translation?
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anti-viral proteins induced by viral infection. They repress translation by triggering phosphorylation of eIF2a by DAI, the same pathway triggered by dsRNA
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What antibiotic inhibits peptidyl transferase activity?
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Chloramphenicol
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