Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Globin Chain Switching
|
Hemogobin carries oxygen, made of 4 subunits; subunits differ in embryo, fetus, and adult
Embryo: epsilon and zeta Fetus: gamma and alpha Adult: alpha and beta |
|
|
Blood plasma composition
|
Plasma contains ~40,000 different types of proteins
Plasma protein profile changes when sick Blood tests look for levels of proteins taht indicate disease |
|
|
Proteomics
|
Study of function of all expressed proteins
Human genome: ~30,000 genes and ~200,000 proteins. Only 1.5% of base pairs code for proteins |
|
|
Exon shuffling
|
Exons can be shuffled into unique arrangements to produce different proteins
|
|
|
Non-coding RNAs
|
tRNAs- o.1% of human genome
rRNAs snoRNAs XistRNA Pseudogenes- transcribed into RNA, but not translated into protein |
|
|
Repeats
|
Transposons= "jumping genes", mobile genetic elements, DNA can move around the genome
Telomere regions |
|
|
Histone Code
|
Histones= proteins around which DNA entwines; expose DNA to allow transcription
|
|
|
Chromatin remodeling
|
3 major groups that bind to histones: acetyl groups, methyl groups, phosphate groups.
|
|
|
RNA Interference
|
8% of genes transcribed from both strands of DNA, produces "small interfering RNA".
siRNA finds/binds mRNA-> blocks translation (nucleus adds methyl to histones) Proteins orchestrate RNA interference |
|
|
Dicer
|
=enzyme that cuts double-stranded RNA into short segments
|
|
|
RISC
|
protein complex that binds RNA pieces and unwinds- allows binding with mRNA
|
