Bio 328 Exam 3 (Vascular System And Capillary Fluid Dynamics)

Front 1

What is the most influential variable in the MAP equation? What is the relationship between arterial radius and resistance?

Back 1

-Radius
-as radius increases, resistance decreases. therefore its an inverse relationship

Front 2

What is the relationship between pressure change and blood flow?

Back 2

As delta P remains constant than blood flow is constant.

*Total blood flow is constant across all organs*

Front 3

Explain what happens from start to finish when there is increased metabolic activity in an organ

Back 3

-This decreases oxygen conc. and increases metabolites in the organs interstitial fluid.
-This causes Arteriolar dilation in the organ and also increases blood flow to organ

Front 4

Explain what happens from start to finish when there is a decrease in arterial pressure in an organ

Back 4

-blood flow to organ will decrease
-this causes a decrease in vessel wall stretch in organ which causes arteriolar dilation
-This allows restoration of blood flow toward normal in the organ.

Front 5

Of the neural controls of arteriolar radius, what are the vasoconstrictors and vasodilators?

Back 5

Vasoconstrictor: Sympathetic nerves
Vasodialator: Neurons that release nitric oxide

Front 6

Of the hormonal controls of arteriolar radius what are the vasoconstrictors and vasodialators?

Back 6

vasoconstrictors: Epinephrine, Angiotensin 2, Vasopressin

vasodialators: Epinephrine, Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Front 7

Of the local controls of arteriolar radius what are the vasoconstrictors and vasodialators?

Back 7

Vasoconstrictors: Internal blood pressure (myogenic response)

Vasodialators: decreased oxygen, K+, CO2, H+, Histamine, substances released during injury, and nitric oxide

Front 8

What is the relationship between rate of blood flow in a capillary and arteriolar area?

Back 8

-The formula for this is Velocity= flow rate (volume/time)/area
-increases area leads to decreased velocity of blood flow

Front 9

How fast is the velocity of blood flow in capillaries normally?

Back 9

Really slow!! It is around 4cm per second

Front 10

What is the definition of bulk flow and what is its function?

Back 10

Bulk flow is the mass movement of water and dissolved solutes between blood and interstitial fluid (ECF). The plasma being moved is protein free.
-Its main function is not the exchange of gases or nutrients but rather the distribution of extracellular fluid (ECF).

*This is the result of the balance between hydrostatic and osmotic pressures*

Front 11

What is the function of the IF?

Back 11

It acts as a reservoir that can supply fluid to or receive fluid from the plasma

Front 12

What is filtration?
What is absorption?

Back 12

-Direction of movement of H2O and solute is from the capillary and into the interstitial space
-Direction of movement of H2O and solute is from interstitial space into the capillary

Front 13

What is the formula for Net Filtration Pressure (NFP)?

Back 13

-NFP= Filtration - Absorption
-NFP= (Pc + πIF) - (P-IF - πc)

Pc: Capillary hydrostatic pressure
P-IF: Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure
πc: Osmotic force due to plasma protein concentration
π-IF: Osmotic force due to interstitial fluid protein concentration

Front 14

How much fluid is filtered a day that is not reabsorbed?

Back 14

4L!!!

Front 15

How is Mean Systemic Filling Pressure affected by cardiac output?

Back 15

As cardiac output increases Right atrial pressure (MSFP) will decrease.
-This is because the ventricles eventually are filled so quickly that pressure does not have time to build up in the atrium.

Front 16

What is the IV and DV for the cardiac function curve and the vascular function curve?

Back 16

For the Cardiac function curve the IV is Right Atrial Pressure and the DV is CO. For the Vascular function curve these variables are reversed.