Bio 304 Exam 1

Front 1

Magnesium (macronutrient). What is it's function?

Back 1

Chlorophyll component, activates many enzymes

Hint 1

Chlorophyll & enzymes

Front 2

Micronutrient Mnemonic

Back 2

It's Mnemonic Szn! By Cleaning Most Cupboards & Nice Fences.

Front 3

Phloem loading is always active or inactive?

Back 3

Always active! (ATP)

Hint 3

ATP is used

Front 4

True/False: phloem unloading is always passive.

Back 4

False, it can be active or passive

Front 5

What is the direction of flow of Xylem?

Back 5

SPAC

Front 6

What is the direction of flow of Phloem?

Back 6

From Source to Sink

Front 7

Xylem is under positive or negative pressure?

Back 7

Negative

Front 8

Phloem is under positive or negative pressure?

Back 8

Positive pressure

Front 9

What role do p-proteins play in the phloem transport?

Back 9

They're a safety measure. If the plasmodesmata is damaged, they will plug the hole to reduce further damage

Front 10

What is the pressure-flow hypothesis?

Back 10

The idea that high turgor pressure bear sources causes sucrose to flow to sinks.

Front 11

Tracheids

Back 11

Long cells, pits, only a primary cell wall

Front 12

Vessel elements

Back 12

Short, wide, pits, perforations at ends (more efficient at transporting H2O)

Front 13

Positive turgor pressure in guard cells means

Back 13

Stomata will be open

Front 14

Negative pressure/flaccid guard cells means

Back 14

Stomata will be closed

Front 15

Xylem are alive or dead at maturity?

Back 15

Dead

Front 16

Phloem are alive or dead at maturity?

Back 16

Alive

Front 17

Plasmodesmata

Back 17

Channels that connect inside of one cell to the inside of the next cell

Front 18

Aquaporin

Back 18

Protein channels that allow water to cross between cells

Front 19

What are the three routes to which water moves through the cortex in roots?

Back 19

Symplastic route, transmembrane route, and apoplastic route

Front 20

Endodermis function in roots

Back 20

Controls ion uptake and prevents ion leakage from the vascular tissue

Front 21

Is this a monocot or dicot? Can it undergo secondary growth?

Back 21

Dicot, yes!

Hint 21

Vascular bundles are arranged by the edges

Front 22

Is this a dicot or a monocot? Can it undergo secondary growth?

Back 22

Monocot, no!

Hint 22

Vascular bundles are scattered throughout the ground tissue

Front 23

Anticlinal growth is responsible for what type of growth?

Back 23

Length, primary

Front 24

Periclinal growth is responsible for what type of growth?

Back 24

Width, secondary

Front 25

True/False: Heartwood (at the center) is actively transporting water.

Back 25

False! A buildup of sap gives it a darker color

Front 26

Protoderm leads to what primary tissue system and which primary tissue (s)?

Back 26

Dermal tissue, epidermis

Front 27

Ground meristem leads to what primary tissue system and which primary tissue (s)?

Back 27

Ground tissue. Parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma

Front 28

Procambium leads to what primary tissue system and which primary tissue (s)?

Back 28

Vascular tissue. Xylem and Phloem

Front 29

True/False: most plants that do not produce Woody tissues consist entirely of primary growth

Back 29

True!

Front 30

Parenchyma function

Back 30

Synthesis and storage

Front 31

Collenchyma function

Back 31

Support

Front 32

Sclerenchyma function

Back 32

Sclereids: protection (hard outer surface of seeds and fruits)

Fibers: support

Front 33

Casparian Strip

Back 33

Tightly packed endodermal cells which secrete a narrow band of wax, made of suberin (waterproof barrier)

Front 34

Adhesion

Back 34

Molecular attraction between unlike molecules

Front 35

Cohesion

Back 35

Molecular attraction among like molecules

Front 36

Cellulose

Back 36

Main material of cell walls

Front 37

Flowering plants are (angio/gymno)

Back 37

Angiosperms

Front 38

Meristem

Back 38

Populations of undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to undergo mitosis

Front 39

How do meristems persist?

Back 39

In mitosis, one duplicate carries on duties as a meristematic cell, while the other differentiates

Front 40

Vascular cambium (secondary growth) produces what 2 mature tissues?

Back 40

Secondary phloem and secondary Xylem

Front 41

Cork cambium (secondary growth) produces what mature tissue?

Back 41

Cork! (And bark)

Front 42

Modified Leaf Example

Back 42

Pea tendrils aid the plant in climbing!

Front 43

Modified Stem example

Back 43

Thorns provide protection from predators and are a type of stem modification!

Front 44

Modified root example

Back 44

Storage roots, like sugar beets, store carbs and other nutrients for future use