Bio 301L Test Mc Questions

Front 1

(1.1) Since the mold inhibits the growth of bacteria, something it produces may be effective as protection against bacteria that are toxic to mice. This is an example of

Back 1

Forming a hypothesis

Front 2

(1.2) The survival of infected mice treated with extracts of the mold was compared to infected mice that received a commonly used medication as a control. This is an example of

Back 2

Testing

Front 3

(1.3) A researcher notices that bacterial growth is inhibited in cultures that are contaminated by a green mold. This is an example of

Back 3

Observation

Front 4

(1.4) If labratory mice are injected with an extract of the mold that inhibits bacterial growth in cultures, then those mice should survive being infected by the same bacteria. This is an example of

Back 4

Making a prediction

Front 5

(1.5) The results from studies with mice lend support to the notion that something produced by the mold effectively protects mice from certain bacterial infections. This is an example of

Back 5

Concluding if hypothesis is supported by test results

Front 6

(1.6) All living things have the following properties EXCEPT for one, which is...

Back 6

They have a nucleus containing chromosones

Front 7

(1.7) Two feline families belonging to the same class mammalia must also belong to the same

Back 7

Phylum

Front 8

(1.8) In terms of biological hierarchy, organisms that are classified in different phyla could be classified in the same class.

Back 8

False

Front 9

(1.9) All cells have ribosomes and a cell membrane

Back 9

True

Front 10

(1.10) The influenza virus is one example of the smallest biological unit of life

Back 10

False

Front 11

(1.11) Atoms share electrons in a _____ chemical bond.

Back 11

Covalent

Front 12

(1.12) The drain cleaner Liquid Plumber contains the base NaOH as the main ingredient in solution. The approximate pH of this solution would be

Back 12

9.5

Front 13

(1.13) The atomic number of chlorine is 17. The number of valence electrons a chlorine atom has is

Back 13

7

Front 14

(1.14) According to the octet rule, atoms with eight electrons in their valence shell tend to

Back 14

Be particularly stable and inert

Front 15

(1.15) A classmate doesn't understand what a polar molecule is. You explain it has

Back 15

A slightly negative side and a slightly positive side

Front 16

(1.16) When water evaporates, what bond is being broken?

Back 16

The hydrogen bonds between water molecules

Front 17

(1.17) Identify which of these structures are drawn correctly and which are drawn incorrectly

Back 17

All except 2 are incorrect

Front 18

(1.18) An atom with only 2 electrons in the valence shell will tend to become an anion

Back 18

False

Front 19

(1.19) If two atoms of different elements are equally electronegative, a covalent bond between them will be non-polar

Back 19

True

Front 20

(1.20) The molecule CH4 has four hydrogen bonds

Back 20

False

Front 21

(1.21) Molecules with similar shapes can have similar biological effects

Back 21

True

Front 22

(1.22) Which functional group is characteristic of pyridoxal (a B vitamin)

Back 22

Aldehyde

Front 23

(1.23) Which of these are classified as a carbonyl?

Back 23

Aldehyde and ketone

Front 24

(1.24) Which of these carbohydrates has a ratio of carbon:hydrogen:oxygen of 1:2:1?

Back 24

Pentose, glucose, and fructose

Front 25

(1.25) Which of the following is a dehydration type of reaction?

Back 25

2 glucose molecules --> 1 Maltose and water

Front 26

(1.26) How molecules of water would be needed to completely hydrolyze a polysaccharide that consist of 50 Monosaccharides?

Back 26

49

Front 27

(1.27) The functional groups characteristic of carbohydrates include

Back 27

Aldehyde, ketone, and alcohol groups

Front 28

(1.28) The "fiber" referenced in food labels is a reference to the content that is

Back 28

Cellulose

Front 29

(1.29) The structural function of cellulose is due to ____ the polysaccharide chains that make up cellulose

Back 29

Hydrogen bonding between

Front 30

(1.30) Lipid Types of molecules are characteristically

Back 30

Non-polar

Front 31

(1.31) Which functional group(s) is/are part of a fatty acid molecule having a formula of C16H32O2?

Back 31

Acid

Front 32

*(1.32) Which functional group(s) is/are joined by dehydration in forming a fat molecule?

Back 32

Acid and alcohol group

Front 33

(1.33) For any given fatty Acid, which structure would be characteristic of animal fat (lard, true butter)?

Back 33

Saturated

Front 34

(1.34) Hydrogenation is a process that

Back 34

Converts unsaturated fat to saturated fat

Front 35

(1.35) Which of these will have a double covalent bond in its molecular structure?

Back 35

An omega fatty acid

Front 36

(2.1) Proteins are an essential component of a healthy diet for humans and other animals. Their most common function is to serve as

Back 36

Basic-building blocks for making complex molecules like enzymes

Front 37

(2.2) The primary structure of proteins is often described as amino acids connected like beads on a string. In this same vein, and which of the following images best describes a protein's secondary structure?

Back 37

A corkscrew

Front 38

(2.3) Plants growing in phosphate-deficient soil will have a hard time making

Back 38

Nucleotides

Front 39

(2.4) The bond linking one amino acid with another amino acid is a ____ bond

Back 39

Covalent (aka peptide)

Front 40

(2.5) What functional group(s) would be required for making amino acids?

Back 40

-COOH & -NH2

Front 41

(2.6) The tertiary structure of a protein consists of a 1º and 2º structure bonded together with hydrogen bonds.

Back 41

False

Front 42

(2.7) The strength of peptide bonds is such that even if denaturing disrupts the hydrogen bonds of a protein's 2º structure, the peptide bonds will persist

Back 42

True

Front 43

(2.8) Hair curls are based on the strength of keratin proteins and amino acids that have -R groups that link together through peptide bonds. Hair straightening products decrease the number of peptide bonds.

Back 43

False

Front 44

(2.9) A prion is a harmful, disease-causing form of protein derived from what were once normal proteins

Back 44

True

Front 45

(2.10) The typical nucleic acid molecule consists of these elements

Back 45

CHONP

Front 46

(2.11) The basic functions of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA are

Back 46

Information storage and protein synthesis

Front 47

(2.12) Structurally, an intact DNA molecule consists of

Back 47

2 strands of polynucleotides

Front 48

(2.13) When DNA is denatured, the bonds that are broken are

Back 48

The hydrogen bonds between the parallel strands

Front 49

(2.14) A ten-unit polynucleotide strand of RNA would have how many nitrogenous bases?

Back 49

10

Front 50

(2.15) Kwashiorker is a life-threatening and debilitating form of malnutrition. It's caused by

Back 50

A lack of protein in the diet

Front 51

(2.16) The transport of molecules across a membrane from an area of low concentration to the high of higher concentration of the same molecules will involve:

Back 51

Active transport

Front 52

(2.17) The ____ of phospholipids extend _____ the intracellular and extracellular fluid, and the ____ are directed ______ these watery fluids

Back 52

Hydrophillic heads, toward... Hydrophobic tails, away from

Front 53

(2.18) Which of the following should be able to diffuse freely through a cell membrane?

Back 53

CO2, N2, O2, and any small non-polar molecule with a neutral charge

Front 54

(2.19) The cell membrane is made up of

Back 54

Phospholipids, embedded proteins, and interspersed cholesterol molecules

Front 55

(2.20) The fluidity of a membrane is enhanced by

Back 55

Degree of unsaturated phospholipid content and cholesterol content

Front 56

(2.21) The cell junctions that respectively: 1. Maintain tissue form and strength 2. Allow the exchange of small molecules between adjacent cells 3. Exclude the passage of water between cells are:

Back 56

Anchoring, gap, and tight

Front 57

(2.22) A cell adapted to water in Lady Bird Lake and placed in the Gulf of Mexico will...

Back 57

Assuming the salinity of lakes is less than the Gulf and that all lakes have the same salinity...

Lose volume

Front 58

(2.23) A cell adapted to water in Lady Bird Lake and placed in Lake Travis will...

Back 58

Assuming the salinity of lakes is less than the Gulf and that all lakes have the same salinity...

Not change volume

Front 59

(2.24) A cell adapted to water of the Gulf of Mexico and placed in Lady Bird Lake will...

Back 59

Assuming the salinity of lakes is less than the Gulf and that all lakes have the same salinity...

Gain volume

Front 60

(2.25) Which of the following statement(s) about the cell theory is/are correct?

Back 60

All living organisms are made up of one or more cells AND all cells arise from other, pre-existing cells

Front 61

(2.26) A structure common to both prokaryote and eukaryote cell types

Back 61

Phospholipid Bilayer cell membrane

Front 62

(2.27) Comparatively speaking, what is the typical size differences of prokaryote and eukaryote cells?

Back 62

Eukaryotes are about 10 times bigger than prokaryotes

Front 63

(2.28) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) functions include...

Back 63

Detoxifying drugs and poisons AND storage of calcium ions

Front 64

(2.29) This structure is an organelle that modifies proteins produced by RER

Back 64

The Golgi body

Front 65

(2.30) In which cell would you expect to find the most RER?

Back 65

A cell that secretes enzymes

Front 66

(2.31) In many eukaryotic cells, the ER makes up most of the membranes in the cell

Back 66

True

Front 67

(2.32) Tay Sachs disease is a hereditary disorder involving dysfunctional lysosomes

Back 67

True

Front 68

(2.33) When a protein like insulin is secreted by a cell, the process involved is known as endocytosis

Back 68

False

Front 69

(2.34) One function of the cytoskeleton is the anchoring of cell organelles

Back 69

True

Front 70

(2.35) A function of cilia is to increase the cell's surface area for better absorption

Back 70

False

Front 71

(3.1) Which of the following restates the 1st law of thermodynamics?

Back 71

The total amount of energy in the universe does not change

Front 72

(3.2) Which of the following has the greatest entropy?

Back 72

An old building upon being torn down

Front 73

(3.3) With regard to thermodynamics, what is meant by the term "a closed system"

Back 73

Neither energy nor matter can enter or leave the system

Front 74

(3.4) A non-spontaneous reaction occurs in a system moving toward equilibrium

Back 74

False

Front 75

(3.5) An endergonic reaction proceeds with a net output of energy

Back 75

False

Front 76

(3.6) Enzymes add energy to the reactions they catalyze

Back 76

False

Front 77

(3.7) Most enzymes are consumed by the reactions they catalyze

Back 77

False

Front 78

(3.8) Which of the following represents the activation energy required for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Back 78

B

Front 79

(3.9) Which of the following represents the activation energy of the reaction in the absence of an enzyme?

Back 79

C

Front 80

(3.10) Which of the following represents the total free energy of the reaction?

Back 80

D

Front 81

*(3.11) Which of the following represents a summary of the photosynthesis reaction?

Back 81

CO2+ H2O+ light --> O2+ CH2O

Front 82

*(3.12) The actual production of O2 during photosynthesis takes place during the...

Back 82

Light Dependent reactions in the thylaloid membrane

Front 83

(3.13) A molecule of chlorophyll increases in potential energy

Back 83

When one of its electrons is boosted to a higher energy excited state by a photon of light

Front 84

*(3.14) Where and during what stage of photosynthesis is a carbohydrate molecule (CH2O) produced?

Back 84

In the stroma of the Calvin cycle

Front 85

*(3.15) Which of these statements regarding light-dependent reactions in chloroplasts is false?

Back 85

Generates O2 and H2O

Front 86

*(3.16) Which of these represents the essence of the respiration process?

Back 86

CH2O+ O2 --> CO2+ H2O + ATP

Front 87

*(3.17) The metabolic pathway that changes glucose to pyruvate acid is called ____ and occurs in the _____

Back 87

Glycolysis; cytoplasm

Front 88

(3.18) In cellular respiration where do the oxygen atoms from molecular oxygen end up?

Back 88

In H2O

Front 89

(3.19) Which of these would not be a product of fermentation?

Back 89

O2

Front 90

*(3.20) Which of these is produced by reactions of the Krebs Cycle of aerobic respiration?

Back 90

ATP, NADH, FADH2, & CO2

Front 91

(3.21) Which sequence of the cell cycle is common to eukaryotes?

Back 91

G1 to S to G2 to M to cytokinesis

Front 92

(3.22) Prior to cell division, each chromosone replicates or duplicates its genetic material. The products are connected by a centromere and are called

Back 92

Sister chromatids

Front 93

(3.23) The stage of mitosis when chromosones are lined up in the mid-section of the cell

Back 93

Metaphase

Front 94

(3.24) Which of the following statements is NOT true of mitosis?

Back 94

The daughter cells are each haploid after cytokinesis

Front 95

(3.25) The number of chromosones in daughter cells produces by mitosis is 2X the number in the parent cell

Back 95

False

Front 96

*(3.26) If the amount of DNA in a gamete is X, then the amount in the G2 cell before meiosis is

Back 96

4X

Front 97

*(3.27) The homologous chromosones separate during

Back 97

Anaphase I

Front 98

(3.28) Chromatids separate during

Back 98

Anaphase II

Front 99

(3.29) The meiotic division most similar to the phases of mitosis is meiosis I

Back 99

False

Front 100

(3.30) Two haploid cells are produced at the end of meiosis I

Back 100

True

Front 101

*(4.1) Full induction of the lac operon occurs when

Back 101

Lactose levels are high and glucose levels are low

Front 102

*(4.2) The trp repressor blocks transcription of the trp operon when the repressor

Back 102

Binds to tryptophan

Front 103

(4.3) If a particular operon codes for the enzymes needed to make an essential amino acid and is regulated like the trp operon then

Back 103

The amino acid acts as a co-repressor

Front 104

(4.4) What occur if the repressor of an inducible operon were mutated so if could not bind the operator?

Back 104

Continuous transcription of the operon' s genes

Front 105

(4.5) For eukaryotes, which is the most common control point for gene expression?

Back 105

Transcription

Front 106

(4.6) Which of the following allows more than one type of protein to be produced from one gene?

Back 106

Alternative forms of RNA splicing

Front 107

(4.7) Which method of gene regulation is utilized by bacteria that is not used by eukaryotes?

Back 107

Operons

Front 108

(4.8) The polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Back 108

Makes it possible to create huge numbers of copies of tiny pieces of DNA

Front 109

(4.9) Which of the following are always the same in every DNA nucleotide?

Back 109

The sugar and the phosphate group

Front 110

*(4.10) A vector is the term used to refer to a molecule that

Back 110

Is able to bind to and carry foreign DNA into cells

Front 111

*(4.11) Restriction enzymes are enzymes capable of

Back 111

Cutting a DNA molecule into fragments

Front 112

(4.12) A method which allows easy visualization of genetic modification in some experimental studies involves the use of

Back 112

Green Fluroscent protein (GFP)

Front 113

(4.13) The advantage of using DNA polymerases from thermophillic bacteria in PCR is that the DNA polymerases of these bacteria are not denatured by the high temps needed to denature the DNA

Back 113

True

Front 114

(4.14) Of the qualities necessary for a specific short tandem repeat to be an effective "marker" for identifying DNA samples, it must have multiple alleles in the population and a low mutation rate.

Back 114

True

Front 115

(4.15) A restriction enzyme denatures a DNA molecule by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the bases of the DNA nucleotides

Back 115

False

Front 116

(4.16) An autosome is

Back 116

Any chromosone other than the X or Y chromosones

Front 117

(4.17) An individual that is heterozygous for a certain trait has

Back 117

Pair of non-identical alleles

Front 118

(4.18) _____ describes when one gene influences the expression of a separate and different gene

Back 118

Epistasis

Front 119

(4.19) In a dihybrid cross between two plants, both heterozygous for height and flower color, about how many offspring would you expect to be short plant with blue flowers? Assume the dominant alleles result in tall plants and blue flowers; homozygous recessive alleles result in short plants with white flowers.

Back 119

3 out of 16

Front 120

*(4.20)

Back 120

F

Front 121

*(4.21)

Back 121

F

Front 122

(4.22) If both parents are heterozygous (dominant and recessive alleles) for a trait, and they have 4 children

Back 122

The probability of any of the outcomes above is not absolute

Front 123

(4.23) If both parents are homozygous for a trait (meaning that BOTH parents are either homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive), and they have 4 children

Back 123

All the children will be homozygous like the parents

Front 124

(4.24) 2 adults with AB blood types have a child. What are the chances the child will have blood type A? B? AB? Or O?

Back 124

25%, 25%, 50%, 0%

Front 125

(4.25) If the recessive allele i should disappear from the population, what blood types would be in the population?

Back 125

A, B, & AB

Front 126

(4.26) Assume non-disjunction involving the X chromosone occurs during meiosis and produces 2 kinds of eggs, XX & O (no X chromosone). If normal sperm carrying the Y chromosone fertilize the 2 types, which genotypes are possible?

Back 126

YO & XXY

Front 127

(4.27) The odds of getting 2 homozygous dominant offspring from 2 heterozygous parents is 1/16

Back 127

True

Front 128

(4.28) A test cross is when a heterozygous genome is mated with a homozygous dominant genome

Back 128

False

Front 129

(4.29) Though a son may not get an X chromosone from his father, the son could be a carrier of an X linked recessive allele

Back 129

False

Front 130

(4.30) A father that has a dominant autosomal allele will only pass it on to his daughters

Back 130

False